上海浦东信息产业集群的建设
收稿日期: 2004-03-09
修回日期: 2004-06-14
网络出版日期: 2004-12-25
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目 (40371033)
A Study on the IT Cluster in Pudong of Shanghai
Received date: 2004-03-09
Revised date: 2004-06-14
Online published: 2004-12-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40371033
产业集群作为一种典型的经济活动空间组织现象,成为区域经济发展的成功模式。作者回顾了产业集群的基本内涵和类别,并从水平效应、垂直效应、内部制度环境、外部联系和平等与依赖的权利机构等5个方面从理论上系统地阐述了产业集群的内部机理。同时,结合实际调研资料,对上海浦东的信息产业集群建设问题进行了系统的分析和研究。作者认为,浦东信息产业集群具有规模扩张快、外部联系广泛,但内部水平垂直协作薄弱、内部制度环境建设滞后的特点。在此基础上,提出了加强本地网络联系、激发集体学习、注重外部联系、积极把握产业发展的主动权、构建适宜的区域制度环境等对策建议。
曾刚, 文嫮 . 上海浦东信息产业集群的建设[J]. 地理学报, 2004 , 59(7s) : 59 -66 . DOI: 10.11821/xb20047s009
Under the background of economic globalization and technological revolution, industrial cluster has become a new successful model for regional economic development as a space framework of economic activity. First, this paper reviews the basic connotation and type of industrial cluster, and then expatiates the internal mechanism of the cluster from five aspects, such as level efficiency, uprightness efficiency, internal system environment, external relationship, right framework coming from equality and dependence. At the same time, the authors make a systematic research and analysis by integrating investigation data of Pudong IC industrial cluster. This paper considers that Pudong IC industrial cluster is the outcome of the industrial transfer from the multinational companies, and it is one of the largest IT-clusters in China. So at the very start, the IC industrial cluster has joined the global network. The multinational companies exert important influence on IC cluster development, but at the same time MNCs control the upgrading of the IC cluster, and impact passively the local innovations in the IC cluster. The paper points out that the IC cluster develops rapid, and has extensive external relationships. But the level relationship in the IC cluster is weak because of lack of good institutional environment. Finally, this paper concludes that only by reinforcing the local network relationships, arousing the desire for gain new knowledge collectively, paying attention to external relationships, grasping the initiatives in industrial development, and building a good institutional environment, can the IT cluster in Pudong develop well and fast in the future.
Key words： IT industry; industrial cluster; Pudong; industrial upgrade; regional policy
[1] Tewari Meenu. Successful adjustment in Indian industry: the case of Ludhiana's Woolen Knitwear Cluster. World Development, 1999, 27(9): 1651-1671.
[2] Luiza Bazan, Lizbeth Navas-Alemán. The underground revolution in the Sinos Valley: a comparison of upgrading in global and national value chains. In: Hubert Schmitz (ed.), Local Enterprises in the Global Economy: Issues of Governance and Upgrading, 2003.
[3] Pyke F, Sengenberger W. Introduction. In: F Cossentino, F Pyke, W Sengenberger (eds.), Local and Regional Response to Global Pressure: The Case of Italy and Its Industrial Districts, Geneva. International Institute for Labour Studies, 1996: 1-14.
[4] Humphrey J, Schmitz H. Governance and upgrading: linking industrial cluster and global value chain research. IDS Working Paper 120, Brighton, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, 2000.
[5] Porter M E. The Competitive Advantage of Nations. New York: Free Press, 1990.
[6] Porter M E. Locations, clusters and company strategy. In: Clark G L, Feldman M P, Gertler M S (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. 253-274.
[7] Peter Knorringa, Joerg Meyer Stamer. New Dimensions in Enterprise Cooperation and Development: From Cluster to Industrial Districts, ATAS Bulletin XI, 1998, 10.
[8] Wang Jici. Space of Innovation. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2002, 154-171.
[王辑慈. 创新空间. 北京: 北京大学出版社, 2002, 154-171.]
[9] Malmberg A, Maskell P. The elusive concept of localization economies: towards a knowledge-based theory of spatial cluster. Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers, New York, 2001.
[10] Krugman P. Where in the world is the "New Economic Geography". In: Clark G L, Feldman M P, Gertler M S (eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. 49-60.
[11] Storper M. The Regional World. Territorial Development in a Global Economy. New York/London: Guilford, 1997.
[12] Gertler M S. The invention of regional culture. In: Lee R, Wills J (eds.), Geographies of Economies. London/New York: Arnold, 1997. 47-58.
[13] Bramanti A, Ratti R. The multi-faced dimensions of local development. In: Ratti R, Bramanti A, Gordon R (eds.), The Dynamics of Innovative Regions: The GREMI Approach. Aldershot, Brookfield: Ashgate, 1997. 3-44.
[14] Maskell P, Malmberg A. The competitiveness of firms and regions: "Ubiquitification" and the importance of localized leaening. In: European Urban and Regional Studies (Vol.6), 1999. 9-25.
[15] Bathelt H. Regional competence and economic recovery: divergent growth paths in Boston's high technology economy. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 2001, 13: 287-314.
[16] Taylor M. Enterprise, power and embedness: an empirical exploration. In: Vatne E, Toylor M (eds), The Networked Firm in a Global World: Small Firms in New Environments. Aldershot/Burlington: Ashgate, 2000. 199-233.
[17] Kern H. Vertrauenverlust und blindes Vertrauen: Integrationsprobleme im oekonomischen Handeln. SOFI-Mitteilungen (Nr. 24/1996), 1996. 7-1.
[18] Statistics. Pudong Monthly Report 2003. December 2003.
[统计数据. 2003年浦东月报. 2003年12月. http://www.pudong.gov.cn]
[19] Raphael Kaplinsky, Mike Morris. A Handbook for Value Chain Research Prepared for the IDRC, 2001. 38-39.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |