地理学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 74 ›› Issue (8): 1563-1575.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201908006
牛方曲1,2,封志明1,刘慧1
收稿日期:
2018-07-05
修回日期:
2019-05-25
出版日期:
2019-08-25
发布日期:
2019-08-07
作者简介:
牛方曲(1979-), 男, 安徽淮南人, 博士, 副研究员, 主要从事区域、城市可持续发展模拟分析研究。E-mail: <email>niufq@lreis.ac.cn</email>
基金资助:
NIU Fangqu1,2,FENG Zhiming1,LIU Hui1
Received:
2018-07-05
Revised:
2019-05-25
Published:
2019-08-25
Online:
2019-08-07
Supported by:
摘要:
经济的快速发展造成资源的过度消耗和环境恶化,资源环境承载力研究逐渐得以关注。本文构建了产业、人口、经济、资源、环境综合分析框架,该框架首先评价各产业对区域社会经济的重要性,确定产业结构调整方向;进而分析产业、人口与资源环境间相互作用机制,明晰产业经济、人口规模与资源利用、环境污染的关系;然后开展资源环境承载力综合评价,为实现环境友好、资源有效利用前提下的最大社会经济发展规模提供依据。西藏自治区案例研究结果显示,有色金属矿采选业、旅游业、酒饮料和精制茶制造业对当地社会经济系统有着重要作用,成为支柱产业;不同发展情景的资源环境承载力评价,确定了资源环境限制下各种产业结构调整所能支撑的最大人口和经济规模,为区域产业发展提供决策依据。本文所构建的分析框架可为实现“社会经济—资源环境”系统可持续发展提供决策支撑。该框架的建立增强了资源环境承载力评价方法在辅助决策方面的可操作性,有助于推进区域资源环境承载力理论研究和实践应用。
牛方曲, 封志明, 刘慧. 资源环境承载力综合评价方法在西藏产业结构调整中的应用[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(8): 1563-1575.
NIU Fangqu, FENG Zhiming, LIU Hui. Evaluation of resources environmental carrying capacity and its application in industrial restructuring in Tibet, China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(8): 1563-1575.
表2
西藏产业重要性评价
层级 | 产业 | 重要性 | 排序 |
---|---|---|---|
第一类 (支柱产业) | 有色金属矿采选业 | 0.617 | 1 |
旅游业 | 0.333 | 2 | |
酒饮料和精制茶制造业 | 0.182 | 3 | |
第二类 (一般性产业) | 医药制造业 | 0.154 | 4 |
化学原料及化学制品制造业 | 0.137 | 5 | |
印刷业和记录媒介的复制 | 0.132 | 6 | |
造纸及纸制品业 | 0.127 | 7 | |
文教、工美、体育和娱乐用品制造业 | 0.127 | 8 | |
食品制造业 | 0.118 | 9 | |
农副食品加工业 | 0.116 | 10 | |
第三类 (辅助性产业) | 电力热力生产供应业 | 0.078 | 11 |
非金属矿物制品业 | 0.074 | 12 | |
黑色金属矿采选业 | 0.053 | 13 | |
纺织业 | 0.047 | 14 | |
木材加工和木、竹、藤、棕草制品业 | 0.033 | 15 | |
电器机械及器材制造业 | 0.030 | 16 | |
非金属矿采选业 | 0.017 | 17 |
表3
产业资源消耗及污染排放强度
层级 | 产业 | 水资源消耗 (m3/万元) | COD (kg/万元) | 土地利用 (hm2/亿元) |
---|---|---|---|---|
第一层级 | 有色金属矿采选业 | 106.5 | 4.88 | 112.63 |
旅游业 | 24.63 | 9.85 | 2.88 | |
酒饮料和精制茶制造业 | 79.4 | 12.09 | 33.19 | |
第二层级 | 医药制造业 | 48.74 | 5.44 | 15.98 |
化学原料及化学制品制造业 | 100.8 | 6.37 | 35.83 | |
印刷业和记录媒介的复制 | 19.8 | 0.32 | 1.27 | |
造纸及纸制品业 | 450.33 | 90.28 | 188.41 | |
文教、工美、体育和娱乐用品制造业 | 20.68 | 0.22 | 1.02 | |
食品制造业 | 60.72 | 6.44 | 20.82 | |
农副食品加工业 | 93.73 | 12.46 | 30.59 | |
第三层级 | 电力热力生产供应业 | 908.46 | 0.69 | 200.00 |
非金属矿物制品业 | 43.62 | 0.93 | 71.01 | |
黑色金属矿采选业 | 93.85 | 1.14 | 16.23 | |
纺织业 | 160.44 | 7.02 | 31.51 | |
木材加工和木、竹、藤、棕草制品业 | 34.32 | 1.54 | 12.85 | |
电器机械及器材制造业 | 11.89 | 0.18 | 0.12 | |
非金属矿采选业 | 133.53 | 1.75 | 36.58 |
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