地理学报 ›› 1997, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (s1): 114-121.doi: 10.11821/xb1997S1013

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

香港滑坡泥石流成因及治理

李焯芬, 陈虹   

  1. 香港大学土木及结构工程系,香港
  • 出版日期:1997-12-15 发布日期:1997-12-15

LANDSLIDES IN HONG KONG-CAUSES AND PREVENTION

CF Lee, Chen Hong   

  1. Department of civil and structural Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  • Online:1997-12-15 Published:1997-12-15

摘要: 香港地区无数的陡坡及高密集的发展致使滑坡泥石流灾害成为香港地区的主要自然灾害。本文通过对香港地区历史上几宗重大山泥倾泻事件的回顾,分析了香港地区滑坡的特点:暴雨是激发滑坡的主要原因;每年因暴雨引起的山泥倾泻事故多发生在由风化火山岩及花岗岩残积土构成的斜坡上,通常为浅层小量滑动;边坡失稳多发生在暴雨后期。并提出了人工边坡的基本治理方法以及今后的研究重点将是天然陡坡滑坡泥石流的产生机理、条件及其运动规律。

关键词: 香港, 滑坡泥石流, 成因分析, 防治方法

Abstract: Physiographically, Hong Kong is a hilly terrain with thousands of steep slopes, on which are constructed numerous tall buildings and high-density residential complexes. The rapid pace of urbanization and building construction, coupled with the topographic relief, led to the occur-rence of numerous disastrous landslides during the rainy season. Landslide hazard has thus be-come the major natural hazard in the Hong Kong region. This paper reviews a number of ma-jor landslides which occurred in the past three decades, analyzing the characteristics and causative mechanism of landslides in Hong Kong. It is concluded that the landslides are trig-gered by heavy rainfall, which infiltrates the subsoil, leading to a singnificant increase in its degree of saturation and a corresponding loss in suction and shear strength of the soil. This re-duction in shear strength upon saturation and wetting is the main reason for the occurrence of landslides. Slope failures often occur during the later part of a heavy rainstorm, in decomposed granite and volcanic residual soils. Most of the landslides involve relatively shallow depths. The paper also outlines the slope stabilization measures commonly adopted in Hong Kong, in-cluding shotcreting or chunaming of slope surface to prevent infiltration of rain water, surface and subsurface drainage, anchoring, soil nailing, slope angle and/or slope height reduction, etc. By far, the most effective slope stabilization measure consists of slope surface protection coupled with drainage. It is further noted that the study of debris flows on natural slopes will be a major focal point for research in the years ahead, with particular emphasis on causative mechanisms and predictive capability.

Key words: Hong Kong, landslide, causative mechanisms, prevention and treatment method

中图分类号: 

  • P642.23