地理学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (6): 1007-1014.doi: 10.11821/xb200506014

• 气候变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国强降水过程时空集中度气候趋势

姜爱军1, 杜银2, 谢志清1, 丁裕国3   

  1. 1. 江苏省气象科学研究所, 南京 210008;
    2. 南京大学大气科学系,南京 210093;
    3. 南京信息工程大学,南京 210044
  • 收稿日期:2005-03-22 修回日期:2005-07-06 出版日期:2005-11-25 发布日期:2005-11-25
  • 作者简介:姜爱军(1962-),男,江苏兴化人,高级工程师,主要从事气候变化和气象防灾减灾研究。E-mail:jiangaj_qx@js.gov.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技基础性工作专项资金项目 (2001DEA30029-0604);江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK2005163)

Climatic Trends of Heavy Precipitation Spatial and Temporal Concentration in China

JIANG Aijun1, DU Yin2, XIE Zhiqing1, DING Yuguo3   

  1. 1. Jiangsu Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
    2. Department of Atmosphere, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
    3. Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  • Received:2005-03-22 Revised:2005-07-06 Online:2005-11-25 Published:2005-11-25
  • Supported by:

    Concentrated fund item of national science and technology foundation work, No.2001DEA30029-0604; Jiangsu natural science foundation, NO.BK2005163

摘要:

基于日降水资料序列提出一种度量不同强度降水过程时空集中程度的指标,根据中国740个气象站逐日降水资料研究分析了我国强降水过程集中度和集中期及其相关统计特征,结果表明暴雨过程年内集中度与年降水量正相关区与中国降水空间分布有很好的一致性;在对大范围洪涝灾害研究方面,暴雨过程年内集中度和集中期在定量地表征降水量在时空场上的非均匀性时有更高分辨力; 暴雨过程年内集中度比较清晰地反映出长江流域、江淮地区洪涝增加的趋势及黄河中下游、华北强降水减少的趋势。该方法可直接应用到评估水旱灾害及其气候影响等领域。

关键词: 强降水过程, 气候趋势, 集中度, 集中期, 中国

Abstract:

Based on 740 stations daily precipitation datasets in China, the precipitation- concentration degree (PCD) and precipitation-concentration period (PCP) of different intensity durative precipitation events were calculated to analyze their statistical characteristics, mainly including spatial and temporal distributions, variations and climatic trends of the two parameters of the durative heavy precipitation events in China. It is proved that these two parameters of heavy rainfall can display the temporal inhomogeneity in the precipitation field. And it is also found that there is a good positive relationship between the precipitation-concentration degree and annual rainfall amount in eastern China and central China. This method can be applied in flood assessment and climate changing fields.

Key words: heavy precipitation, climatic trend, precipitation-concentration degree (PCD), precipitation-concentration period (PCP), China