中国强降水过程时空集中度气候趋势

doi:10.11821/xb200506014

地理学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (6): 1007-1014.doi: 10.11821/xb200506014

中国强降水过程时空集中度气候趋势

姜爱军¹, 杜银², 谢志清¹, 丁裕国³

1. 江苏省气象科学研究所, 南京 210008;
2. 南京大学大气科学系,南京 210093;
3. 南京信息工程大学,南京 210044

收稿日期:2005-03-22 修回日期:2005-07-06 出版日期:2005-11-25 发布日期:2005-11-25
作者简介:姜爱军(1962-),男,江苏兴化人,高级工程师,主要从事气候变化和气象防灾减灾研究。E-mail：jiangaj_qx@js.gov.cn
基金资助:
国家科技基础性工作专项资金项目 (2001DEA30029-0604);江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK2005163)

Climatic Trends of Heavy Precipitation Spatial and Temporal Concentration in China

JIANG Aijun¹, DU Yin², XIE Zhiqing¹, DING Yuguo³

1. Jiangsu Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
2. Department of Atmosphere, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
3. Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

Received:2005-03-22 Revised:2005-07-06 Online:2005-11-25 Published:2005-11-25
Supported by:
Concentrated fund item of national science and technology foundation work, No.2001DEA30029-0604; Jiangsu natural science foundation, NO.BK2005163

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于日降水资料序列提出一种度量不同强度降水过程时空集中程度的指标,根据中国740个气象站逐日降水资料研究分析了我国强降水过程集中度和集中期及其相关统计特征,结果表明暴雨过程年内集中度与年降水量正相关区与中国降水空间分布有很好的一致性;在对大范围洪涝灾害研究方面,暴雨过程年内集中度和集中期在定量地表征降水量在时空场上的非均匀性时有更高分辨力; 暴雨过程年内集中度比较清晰地反映出长江流域、江淮地区洪涝增加的趋势及黄河中下游、华北强降水减少的趋势。该方法可直接应用到评估水旱灾害及其气候影响等领域。

关键词: 强降水过程, 气候趋势, 集中度, 集中期, 中国

Abstract:

Based on 740 stations daily precipitation datasets in China, the precipitation- concentration degree (PCD) and precipitation-concentration period (PCP) of different intensity durative precipitation events were calculated to analyze their statistical characteristics, mainly including spatial and temporal distributions, variations and climatic trends of the two parameters of the durative heavy precipitation events in China. It is proved that these two parameters of heavy rainfall can display the temporal inhomogeneity in the precipitation field. And it is also found that there is a good positive relationship between the precipitation-concentration degree and annual rainfall amount in eastern China and central China. This method can be applied in flood assessment and climate changing fields.

Key words: heavy precipitation, climatic trend, precipitation-concentration degree (PCD), precipitation-concentration period (PCP), China

姜爱军, 杜银, 谢志清, 丁裕国. 中国强降水过程时空集中度气候趋势[J]. 地理学报, 2005, 60(6): 1007-1014.

JIANG Aijun, DU Yin, XIE Zhiqing, DING Yuguo. Climatic Trends of Heavy Precipitation Spatial and Temporal Concentration in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2005, 60(6): 1007-1014.

参考文献

[1] IPCC, 2001: Climate Change 2001. Houghton J T(ed.), Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge Universitv Press, NY, USA, 156-159.

[2] Zhai Panmao, Pan Xiaohua. Change in extreme temperature and precipitation over northern China during the second half of the 20th century. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2003, 58(suppl.): 1-10.
[翟盘茂, 潘晓华. 中国北方近50年温度和降水极端事件变化.地理学报, 2003, 58(增刊): 1-10.]

[3] Ding Yihui, Dai Xiaosu. Temperature variation in China during the last 100 years. Meteorological Monthly, 1994, (12): 19-26.
[丁一汇, 戴晓苏. 中国近百年来的温度变化. 气象, 1994, (12): 19-26.]

[4] Zhai Panmao, Ren Fumin, Zhang Qiang. Detection of trends in China's precipitation extremes. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 1999, 57(2): 208-216.
[翟盘茂, 任福民, 张强. 中国降水极值变化趋势检测. 气象学报, 1999, 57(2): 208-216.]

[5] Li Jishun, Wang Angsheng, Chen Jiatian. Spatial-temporal variation of precipitation leads to the serious flood and drought in Yangtze River valley. Disaster Reduction in China, 2000, 9(4): 27-40.
[李吉顺, 王昂生, 陈家田. 降水时空分布变化是长江流域水旱灾害加重的主要原因. 中国减灾, 2000, 9(4): 27-40.]

[6] Yan Zhongwei, Yang Chi. Geographic patterns of extreme climate changes in China during 1951-1997. Climatic and Environmental Research, 2000, 5(3): 267-271.
[严中伟, 杨赤. 近几十年中国极端气候变化格局. 气候与环境研究, 2000, 5(3): 267-271.]

[7] Li Jishun, Wang Angsheng, Chen Jiatian. Local climate changes and flood-drought disaster in Yangtze River in 1990s. Disaster Reduction in China, 2000, 10(3): 29-37.
[李吉顺, 王昂生, 陈家田. 90年代局地气候变化与长江流域水旱灾害. 中国减灾, 2000, 10(3): 29-37.]

[8] Feng Qiang, Wang Angsheng, Li Jishun. The variation of precipitation in time and space and heavy rain flood disaster in China. Journal of Natural Disasters, 1998, 7(1): 87-93.
[冯强, 王昂生, 李吉顺. 我国降水的时空变化与暴雨洪涝灾害. 自然灾害学报, 1998, 7(1): 87-93.]

[9] Zhang Lujun, Qian Yongfu. A study on the feature of precipitation concentration and its relation to flood producing in the Yangtze River Valley of China. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2003, 47(4): 622-630.
[张录军, 钱永甫. 长江流域汛期降水集中程度和洪涝关系研究. 地球物理学报, 2003, 47(4): 622-630.]

[10] Ren Guoyu, Wu Hong, Chen Zhenghong. Spatial patterns of change trend in rainfall of China. Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology, 2000, 11(3): 322-330.
[任国玉, 吴虹, 陈正洪. 我国降水变化趋势的空间特征. 应用气象学报, 2000, 11(3): 322-330.]

[11] Zhang Lujun, Qian Yongfu. Annual distribution features of the yearly precipitation in China and their interannual variations. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2003, 17(2): 146-163.

[12] Yang Yuandong. Calculating method of annual runoff distribution of the streams. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1984, 39 (2): 218-227.
[杨远东. 河川径流年内分配的计算方法. 地理学报, 1984, 39(2): 218-227.]

[13] Charles G Markham. Seasonality of precipitation in the United States. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1970, 6(3): 593-597.

[14] Bloschl G (eds.). Special issue on scale issues in hydrological modeling. Hydrology Processes, 1995, 9: 251-290.

[15] Ding Yuguo. Research of Universality for F distribution model of precipitation. Scientia Atmospherica Sinica, 1994, 18(5): 552-560.
[丁裕国. 降水量F分布模式的普适性研究. 大气科学, 1994, 18(5): 552-560.]

[16] Zhang Xuewen, Ma Shuhong, Ma Li. Rain rate intensity-duration formula derived from entropy principle. Scientia Atmospherica Sinica, 1991, 15(6): 17-25.
[张学文, 马淑红, 马力. 从熵原理得出的雨量时程方程. 大气科学, 1991, 15(6): 17-25.]

[17] Shi Neng, Chen Jiaqi. 4-phase climate change features in the last 100 years over China. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 1994, 18(5): 552-560.
[施能, 陈家其. 中国近100年来4个年代际的气候变化特征.气象学报, 1995, 53(4): 431-439.]

中国强降水过程时空集中度气候趋势

Climatic Trends of Heavy Precipitation Spatial and Temporal Concentration in China

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	古恒宇, 沈体雁. 中国高学历人才的空间演化特征及驱动因素[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(2): 326-340.
[2]	朱晟君, 金文纨. 地方出口产品结构及制度环境与企业出口相关多样化[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(2): 398-414.
[3]	李钢, 薛淑艳, 马雪瑶, 周俊俊, 徐婷婷, 王皎贝. 中国失踪人口的时空格局演变与形成机制[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(2): 310-325.
[4]	葛全胜, 朱会义. 两千年来中国自然与人文地理环境变迁及启示[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(1): 3-14.
[5]	张兴航, 张百平, 王晶, 余付勤, 赵超, 姚永慧. 中国南北过渡带东段样带植被序列与气候分界问题[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(1): 30-43.
[6]	李哲, 丁永建, 陈艾姣, 张智华, 张世强. 1960—2019年西北地区气候变化中的Hiatus现象及特征[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(9): 1845-1859.
[7]	郭泽呈, 魏伟, 石培基, 周亮, 王旭峰, 李振亚, 庞素菲, 颉斌斌. 中国西北干旱区土地沙漠化敏感性时空格局[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(9): 1948-1965.
[8]	敖荣军, 常亮. 基于结构方程模型的中国县域人口老龄化影响机制[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(8): 1572-1584.
[9]	宋周莺, 祝巧玲. 中国边境地区的城镇化格局及其驱动力[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(8): 1603-1616.
[10]	马春玥, 买买提·沙吾提, 姚杰, 古丽努尔·依沙克. 1950—2015年中国棉花生产时空动态变化[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(8): 1699-1710.
[11]	郑景云, 张学珍, 刘洋, 郝志新. 过去千年中国不同区域干湿的多尺度变化特征评估[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1432-1450.
[12]	陶泽兴, 葛全胜, 王焕炯. 1963—2018年中国垂柳和榆树开花始期积温需求的时空变化[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1451-1464.
[13]	瞿诗进, 胡守庚, 李全峰. 中国城市建设用地转型阶段及其空间格局[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(7): 1539-1553.
[14]	葛全胜, 方创琳, 江东. 美丽中国建设的地理学使命与人地系统耦合路径[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(6): 1109-1119.
[15]	魏素豪, 李晶, 李泽怡, 宗刚. 中国农业竞争力时空格局演化及其影响因素[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(6): 1287-1300.