偏远地区铅和汞的现代过程与历史记录研究综述

doi:10.11821/xb201003010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

人类活动释放的重金属(尤其是铅和汞) 通过大气等介质的长距离传输，导致了全球环境的污染和损害，因而一直是环境科学研究的热点。为了认识重金属的污染程度、全球传输以及生物地球化学循环过程，急需在偏远的背景地区开展深入研究。本文概述了目前通过冰芯和湖泊沉积恢复重金属污染历史的研究成果，以及与背景地区大气重金属现代过程相关的研究进展，分析了存在的科学问题，探讨了青藏高原在开展该方面的研究、特别是综合集成研究上的独厚区域优势。而高原野外台站的建立(如纳木错多圈层综合观测研究站) 也为此类研究的实施提供了可靠的后勤保障。

关键词: 偏远地区, 铅, 汞, 长距离传输, 青藏高原

Abstract:

Atmospheric heavy metals (especially Pb and Hg) from anthropogenic activities could be transported globally, resulting in tremendous negative effects on the environment. Therefore, such research has received increasing attention in recent decades. In order to evaluate the pollution status, to understand the global transport process, and to elucidate its biogeochemical cycle and ultimate fate, it is necessary to carry out related studies in remote areas. In this paper, the progress on the historical reconstruction of heavy metals through ice core and lake sediment, as well as modern long range transport process are summarized. Based on the discussion, the directions for future studies are also proposed. Due to the unique atmospheric circulation regime and clean environment, the Tibetan Plateau is an ideal region to monitor atmospheric environmental change and to evaluate various impacts caused by human activities. Nam Co, as one of the typical regions of the Tibetan Plateau, has obvious advantages for such research due to various environmental archives (ice core and lake sediment) available. The establishment of Nam Co Station (under the Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, CAS) also makes it practicable to conduct long-term monitoring of the modern atmospheric properties.

Key words: remote area, lead, mercury, long range transport, Tibetan Plateau

丛志远1, 康世昌1, 2, 郑伟1, 张强弓1. 偏远地区铅和汞的现代过程与历史记录研究综述[J]. 地理学报, 2010, 65(3): 351-360.

CONG Zhiyuan1, KANG Shichang1, 2, ZHENG Wei1, ZHANG Qianggong1. Modern Process and Historical Reconstruction of Pb and Hg in Remote Areas: A Critical Review[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(3): 351-360.

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