地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (6): 991-997.doi: 10.11821/xb200506012

• 气候变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

  

  1. 1. 南京大学城市与资源学系,南京 210093;
    2. 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京 210008;
    3. 日本国际农林水产业研究中心,筑波 305-8686
  • 收稿日期:2005-03-22 修回日期:2005-07-06 出版日期:2005-11-25 发布日期:2005-11-25
  • 作者简介:高超 (1962-), 男, 博士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为环境地球化学。E-mail: chgao@nju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G1999011801); 中国科学院土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室; 日本国际农林水产业研究中心资助项目

Effects of Extreme Rainfall on the Export of Nutrients from Agricultural Land

GAO Chao1,2, ZHU Jiye1, ZHU Jianguo2, Yasukazu HOSEN3, ZHOU Juanjuan1, WANG Dengfeng1, WANG Lachun1, DOU Yijian1   

  1. 1. Department of Geography, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Nanjing 210008, China;
    3. Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Science, Tsukuba 305-8686, Japan
  • Received:2005-03-22 Revised:2005-07-06 Online:2005-11-25 Published:2005-11-25
  • Supported by:

    The National Basic Research Program of China, No. G1999011801; State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture; Project of the Japanese International Research Center for Agricultural Science

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Abstract:

In this study, plot and watershed scale experiments were conducted to study the effect of some extraordinary rainfalls on the export of nutrients from agricultural land. The results of three-year plot experiments show that more than 50% of annual nitrogen and phosphorus losses via surface runoff happened between June and August, when the monsoon and typhoon rains are heavy and frequent. During the three largest storms, 35.7%-52.4% of the annual N and 46.8%-66.4% of the annual P were exported by surface runoff from different land use types. Nutrient concentrations increased with hydrological process during storm flow, decreased with the prolongation of storms yet remained at higher concentrations compared with base flow time. About 30% of N and more than 40% of the annual P loads were exported from the watershed by the four largest storms. Reducing agricultural practices such as tillage and fertilization during frequent heavy rainfall period are effective ways for mitigating agricultural nonpoint source pollution.

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