关键词: 泥炭, 泥炭沼泽, 中国泥炭, 形成与分布, 泥炭层, 洼地, 芦苇泥炭, 分解度, 残体, 泥炭矿

Abstract: The peat in China has been formed chiefly in various periods since Holocene.The peat deposit reached its acme in Miocene.In China, there exist three types of peat, subdivided into fourteen kinds. Amongthem, the low-moor earex peat ranks as the principal one. The high-moor peat andmedium-moor peat are rather scanty. They are sporadically distributed in small areain regions as Daxinganling, Xiaoxinganling and Changbaishan.The total peat area in China, approximates to 4,159,000 hectares, about 0.43% ofthe total area of China. Its reserve amount is about 2,702 million tons (air-dryweight), in which, the exposed peat is about 80% and the buried peat 20%. Theirdistribution is unblanced. The exposed peat occurs mainly in Daxinganling, Xiaox-inganling, Changbaishan and Sanjiang Plain. Its reserve is about 56% of the wholereserve of China. The peat reserve in Qing-Zang Plateau comes next, constituting 19%About 10% of buried peat is concentratively distributed in the Eastern Plain.The Peat regions in China are classified into six large regions. The exposed peatand buried peat prevailed in the above mentioned three areas respectively.