能源转型重塑地缘政治的逻辑与研究展望

doi:10.11821/dlxb202309012

地理学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 78 ›› Issue (9): 2299-2315.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202309012

能源转型重塑地缘政治的逻辑与研究展望

杨宇¹^,²(), 夏四友¹^,², 金之钧³()

1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室，北京 100101
2.中国科学院大学资源与环境学院，北京 100049
3.北京大学能源研究院，北京 100871

收稿日期:2023-02-08 修回日期:2023-08-13 出版日期:2023-09-25 发布日期:2023-09-28
通讯作者: 金之钧(1957-), 男, 山东青岛人, 中国科学院院士, 博士生导师, 主要从事能源发展战略研究。E-mail: jinzj1957@pku.edu.cn
作者简介:杨宇(1984-), 男, 山东威海人, 研究员, 博士生导师, 主要从事能源地理与区域发展研究。E-mail: yangyu@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目专项项目(72348003);国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(42022007)

Energy transition reshapes geopolitics: Logic and research frontiers

YANG Yu¹^,²(), XIA Siyou¹^,², JIN Zhijun³()

1. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
2. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. Institute of Energy, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Received:2023-02-08 Revised:2023-08-13 Published:2023-09-25 Online:2023-09-28
Supported by:
Special Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72348003);Excellent Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42022007)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

化石能源向可再生能源的转型将改变全球能源地缘政治的权力结构、国家关系，以及地缘政治博弈的驱动因素，对能源地缘政治产生深远的影响。本文在梳理能源与地缘政治渊源的基础上，阐述能源转型重构地缘政治的内在逻辑，并对能源转型地缘政治的研究进行展望。研究认为：① 不同时代能源的内涵、属性，以及与地缘政治关联的差异，决定了能源地缘政治的表征及激烈程度明显不同，导致能源地缘政治呈现明显的代际转换特征。② 能源转型将改变油气资源的地理依附性，引发关键矿产争夺和可再生能源技术博弈，重塑全球能源地缘政治格局和能源治理体系。其中，关键矿产争夺和可再生能源技术博弈，是能源转型重塑地缘政治的“因”；而地缘格局重构是能源转型重塑地缘政治的“果”，全球能源治理是应对因果变化所需要采取的行动与措施。③ 未来亟待加强能源转型重构地缘政治的理论与技术方法创新，构建全球能源治理的路径与模式，并加强“碳中和”背景下能源安全研究，以更好地推动能源地理学科发展和服务国家能源安全重大战略需求。

关键词: 能源转型, 地缘政治, 关键矿产, 可再生能源技术, 地缘格局, 能源治理

Abstract:

The transition from fossil energy to renewable energy will change the structure of global energy geopolitical power structure, national relations, and the driving factors of geopolitical game, which will have a far-reaching impact on the geopolitical shaped by fossil energy. On the basis of combing the origin of energy and geopolitics, this paper expounds the internal logic of the energy transition to reconfigure geopolitics and provides an outlook on the geopolitics of the energy transition. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The connotation and attributes of energy, as well as the differences between energy and geopolitics, determine that energy geopolitics presents significant intergenerational transformation characteristics. (2) The competition for key minerals, the game of low-carbon technology, the reconstruction of geopolitical pattern and the global energy governance are the four dimensions of the geopolitics of energy transformation reconstruction, of which the competition for key minerals is the basis of the geopolitical game of energy transformation, the game of low-carbon technology is the new focus of the geopolitics of energy transformation, and the reconstruction of geopolitical pattern is the direct characterization of the geopolitics of energy transition, energy governance is the path to ease the geopolitical game of energy transformation. (3) In the process of energy transformation and reconstruction of geopolitics, the competition for key minerals, the game of low-carbon technology, the reconstruction of geopolitical pattern and global energy governance are interrelated and interacted, which aggravates the complexity and uncertainty of energy geopolitics in the era of renewable energy. (4) Looking forward to the future, to better promote the development of energy geography and serve the major strategic needs of national energy security, the geopolitical research of energy transformation urgently needs to strengthen the theoretical innovation of energy transition reshaping geopolitics, promote the quantitative research of the geopolitical impact of energy transformation, construct the path of China's deep participation in global energy governance, and pay attention to the energy security issues caused by energy transformation under the background of "carbon neutrality".

Key words: energy transition, geopolitics, critical mineral, renewables technology, geopolitical pattern, energy governance

杨宇, 夏四友, 金之钧. 能源转型重塑地缘政治的逻辑与研究展望[J]. 地理学报, 2023, 78(9): 2299-2315.

YANG Yu, XIA Siyou, JIN Zhijun. Energy transition reshapes geopolitics: Logic and research frontiers[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2023, 78(9): 2299-2315.

图/表 3

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能源转型重塑地缘政治的逻辑与研究展望

Energy transition reshapes geopolitics: Logic and research frontiers

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