植被物候对极端气候响应及机制

doi:10.11821/dlxb202309008

地理学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 78 ›› Issue (9): 2241-2255.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202309008

植被物候对极端气候响应及机制

张晶¹(), 郝芳华², 吴兆飞¹, 李明蔚¹, 张璇¹, 付永硕¹()

1.北京师范大学水科学研究院，北京 100875
2.华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院，武汉 430079

收稿日期:2023-06-30 修回日期:2023-08-20 出版日期:2023-09-25 发布日期:2023-09-28
通讯作者: 付永硕(1979-), 男, 山东济宁人, 教授, 博士生导师, 中国地理学会会员(S110017319M), 主要从事全球变化生态学、生态水文和植被物候学研究。E-mail: yfu@bnu.edu.cn
付永硕(1979-), 男, 山东济宁人, 教授, 博士生导师, 中国地理学会会员(S110017319M), 主要从事全球变化生态学、生态水文和植被物候学研究。E-mail: yfu@bnu.edu.cn
作者简介:张晶(1994-), 女, 黑龙江绥化人, 博士生, 研究方向为植被物候学。E-mail: zhangj1127@mail.bnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金项目(42025101);国家自然科学基金国际合作研究项目(42261144755)

Response of vegetation phenology to extreme climate and its mechanism

ZHANG Jing¹(), HAO Fanghua², WU Zhaofei¹, LI Mingwei¹, ZHANG Xuan¹, FU Yongshuo¹()

1. College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
2. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China

Received:2023-06-30 Revised:2023-08-20 Published:2023-09-25 Online:2023-09-28
Supported by:
National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(42025101);International Cooperation and Exchanges of NSFC(42261144755)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

人类活动引起的气候变化导致极端气候事件频发，改变植物的生理过程，影响陆地生态系统碳、水循环和能量平衡。植被物候是气候变化最敏感的生物学指示指标，近年来植被物候对气候变化的响应研究主要关注气候平均态，植被物候如何响应极端气候事件研究相对较少，响应机制仍不清楚。本文梳理了植被春季和秋季物候对各类极端气候事件的响应及其机制，发现北半球中高纬度地区，季前极端低温与极端降水直接导致植被返青期推迟、枯黄期提前，而极端高温和极端干旱导致植物气孔关闭，抑制光合和蒸腾作用，间接导致枯黄期提前。目前植被物候响应极端气候事件研究缺乏对复合极端气候事件的关注，而且植被物候对极端气候响应的滞后效应以及极端气候事件发生后植被的恢复过程研究较少。未来气候变化情景下，需构建考虑极端气候事件影响的植被物候模型，并与动态植被模型耦合，以提高陆地生态系统碳循环的模拟精度。

关键词: 植被物候, 极端气候事件, 响应机制, 复合极端事件, 滞后效应

Abstract:

Global climate change caused by human activities results in frequent extreme climate events, and shifts the physiological processes of plants, and the carbon, water cycle and energy balance of terrestrial ecosystems. Vegetation phenology is the most sensitive biological indicator to climate change. In recent years, the responses of vegetation phenology to climate change mainly focus on the mean state of the climate, while the response mechanisms of vegetation phenology to extreme climate are still unclear. In this paper, the response of vegetation spring and autumn phenology to various extreme climatic events and their mechanisms were reviewed. We found that extreme low temperature and extreme precipitation directly delayed the vegetation green-up date and advanced the leaf senescence, while extreme high temperature and extreme drought led to stomatal closure, inhibited photosynthesis and transpiration, and thus advanced leaf senescence at middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Currently, the studies on the response of vegetation phenology to extreme climate events pay less attention to compound extreme climate events, and there are only few studies on the lag effect of vegetation phenology response to extreme climate events and the recovery process of vegetation after the occurrence of extreme events. Under future climate change scenarios, it is necessary to modify the vegetation phenological models by considering the impact of extreme climate events and couple it into the dynamic global vegetation models to improve the simulation accuracy of the carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems.

Key words: vegetation phenology, extreme climatic events, response mechanism, compound extreme events, lagged effect

张晶, 郝芳华, 吴兆飞, 李明蔚, 张璇, 付永硕. 植被物候对极端气候响应及机制[J]. 地理学报, 2023, 78(9): 2241-2255.

ZHANG Jing, HAO Fanghua, WU Zhaofei, LI Mingwei, ZHANG Xuan, FU Yongshuo. Response of vegetation phenology to extreme climate and its mechanism[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2023, 78(9): 2241-2255.

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分类	SPEI或SPI	PDSI	危害程度
基本正常	-0.49~0.49	-0.99~0.99	无危害
轻旱	-0.99~-0.50	-1.99~-1.00	轻微危害
中旱	-1.49~-1.00	-2.99~-2.00	中等危害
重旱	-1.99~-1.50	-3.99~-3.00	严重危害
特旱	≤-2.00	≤-4.00	特重危害

植被物候对极端气候响应及机制

Response of vegetation phenology to extreme climate and its mechanism

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