地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (6): 1173-1186.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201806014

• 地理信息 • 上一篇    

中学生药物滥用行为及其影响因素的地域差异

周素红1,2(),刘明杨1,2,卢次勇3   

  1. 1. 中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州 510275
    2. 广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广州 510275
    3. 中山大学公共卫生学院,广州 510275
  • 收稿日期:2017-04-25 出版日期:2018-06-10 发布日期:2018-06-04
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金项目(41522104);国家自然科学基金重点项目(41531178);广东省自然科学基金项目(2017A030313228, 2014A030312010);广州市科技计划项目(201804020016)

Regional differences of drug abuse behavior and its influencing factors among middle school students

ZHOU Suhong1,2(),LIU Mingyang1,2,LU Ciyong3   

  1. 1. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
    2. Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Guangzhou 510275, China
    3. School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
  • Received:2017-04-25 Published:2018-06-10 Online:2018-06-04
  • Supported by:
    Excellent Young Scientists Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41522104;Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41531178;Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong, China, No.2017A030313228, 2014A030312010;Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou,No. 201804020016

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摘要：

青少年的健康状况尤其是健康行为,往往会延续至成年时期,同时,相比于成年人,青少年的药物滥用对其大脑的危害更大,更易导致成瘾。中学生是青少年的主要群体,研究其药物滥用行为的影响因素及机制,有助于实施干预措施,减少其健康风险。以往文献对中学生药物滥用行为的研究较为全面,但对学校周边的建成环境以及地域差异引起个体健康行为差异背后的原因关注不足。以随机抽取的广东省124所初级中学为研究对象,并基于2010年各区县的人口普查数据,通过因子生态分析方法划分抽样学校所在区县的社会区类型,分析位于不同社会区的中学生药物滥用情况,而后运用多元逐步回归模型,探究中学生药物滥用行为影响因素的地域差异。结果表明,不同社会区的中学生药物滥用行为发生率存在差异,年轻化的外来人口集聚地区中学生药物滥用发生率最高,其次为人口老龄化地区,社会环境相对稳定的本地商业从业人员集聚地区最低。在年轻化的外来人口聚集地区中,课外到网吧、游戏厅、台球室活动学生的高比例与学校1000 m范围内的网吧、游艺室的高密度等外部环境容易导致学校中学生药物滥用的高发;在人口老龄化地区中,道路交叉口的高密度等建成环境表征了良好的社会监督,有助于降低学生滥用药物的风险;在本地商业从业人员聚集地区中,融洽的家庭关系有利于制约中学生滥用药物,同时零花钱越高,中学生购买药物的机会越大,因而越容易发生药物滥用行为。

关键词: 中学生, 药物滥用, 地域差异, 社会区

Abstract:

The research on adolescents' health is one of the main topics in the field of health geography. The health problems in one's teen age tend to have some potential influence in his adulthood, especially the health behaviors. Compared to adult, drug abuse of a teenager is more harmful to one's brain and more likely to lead to addiction. The study of factors that affect drug abuse among middle school students, will contribute to interventions introducing and health risks reducing. Previous researches focused on the factors that lead to drug abuse, including individual, neighborhood and regional factors. But less literature focused on the surrounding built environment of schools or studied the mechanism leading to the differences in the health behavior of different regions. This paper tries to fill in the gaps by a case study of 124 middle schools in Guangdong province, China. Using the factorial ecological analysis and cluster analysis to explore the social spatial structure of the districts in which sample schools located, as well as the multiple stepwise regression models, this paper explores the situation and factors that affect middle school students' drug abuse in different social areas. The results reveal that there are differences in the incidence of drug abuse among middle school students in different social areas. The incidence of young floating population gathering areas is the highest, followed by the aging areas. And the local business practitioners gathering areas have the lowest incidence. In the young floating population gathering areas, built and social environments such as the high proportion of students who would go to internet bars, game centers, and billiard parlors in their free time, as well as the high density of internet bars and game centers within 1000 m around the school, will cause a high incidence of drug abuse among school students. In the aging areas, characterizing good social supervision, the built environment such as the high density of intersections helps to reduce the risk of drug abuse among students. In the local business practitioners gathering areas, family factors such as harmonious family relationship help to reduce drug abuse among students. Meanwhile, if middle school students have more pocket money, they have more chances to buy drugs, and are more likely to suffer from the drug abuse.

Key words: middle school students, drug abuse, regional difference, social area