地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (6): 1162-1172.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201806013

• 交通与“一带一路” • 上一篇    下一篇

不同尺度下交通对空间流动性的影响

陈永林1,2(),谢炳庚1(),张爱明2,柴超前2   

  1. 1. 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙 410081
    2. 赣南师范大学地理与规划学院,赣州 341000
  • 收稿日期:2017-06-17 出版日期:2018-06-10 发布日期:2018-06-04
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502406);江西省高校人文社科项目（JC17101）

The impact of traffic on spatial mobility at different scales

CHEN Yonglin1,2(),XIE Binggeng1(),ZHANG Aiming2,CHAI Chaoqian2   

  1. 1. Department of Resources and Environment, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
    2. Department of Geography and Planning, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
  • Received:2017-06-17 Published:2018-06-10 Online:2018-06-04
  • Supported by:
    National Program on Key Research Development Project, No.2016YFC050240;Humanities and Social Sciences Project of Jiangxi Provincial Education Department, No.JC17101

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摘要：

交通的变化对社会经济空间组织产生了重大影响。在宏观与微观尺度下,从理论上分析了交通对空间流动性的影响,借鉴物理学中动能与势能转化理论,构建了单一城市的流动性测度方法,并基于ArcGIS软件的空间分析方法,使用2005年、2010年和2015年的电子地图数据和统计数据,以全国285个设区市和典型市域——赣州市为研究区开展了实证研究。结果表明：① 交通流是空间流动性最显性的表现,与时间、空间及距离相互作用,形成特殊的空间组织形式—流动空间。② 不同尺度下交通对空间流动性的影响表现不一：宏观尺度下,交通的改变使区际流动空间得以生成,相互依赖程度也随着流动性的增强而增强,微观尺度下,交通的变化改变了城市内部的空间组织。③ 全国主要设区市陆路交通网密度呈阶梯状分布,中心城市和交通变化量最大的城市流动性最大,交通的变化对设区市的流动有明显的正向带动作用,对市域内人流的迁移与扩散、功能区的范围扩展与方向迁移、精英空间的变化具有较为显著的引导作用。

关键词: 交通, 空间流动性, 尺度, 影响, 全国, 赣州市

Abstract:

Traffic system controls the material flow of modern society and it shapes the spatial distribution of socio-economic system by providing logistics service. Its change has significant impact on the spatial organization of socio-economic system. Here we report an investigation on the impact of traffic change on spatial mobility at different scales, and based on the theory of kinetic energy and potential energy transformation in physics, a method of measuring the mobility of a single city is constructed. On both macro and micro scales, we selected 285 municipalities (major cities with districts and with Ganzhou as a typical case) to investigate the impact of traffic change on spatial mobility based on the spatial analysis of electronic map data and statistical data collected in 2005, 2010 and 2015 with the aid of ArcGIS. Our results find that traffic change has significant impact on the spatial mobility of municipalities at different scales. Our conclusions can be drawn as follows. First, traffic flow is the most dominant reflection of spatial mobility, and by interacting with other factors of time, space and distance, a special spatial organization, flowing space, is formed. Second, the influence of traffic on spatial mobility is different from scale to scale. On macro scale, traffic change will generate new inter-regional flow space. The degree of interdependence increases as spatial mobility increases; on micro scale, traffic change will change the spatial organization within a city where the material flow of the city will change accordingly. Finally, the land transport network density of municipalities in China was in a gradient distribution. Central cities and cities with the most variable traffic flow have the greatest spatial mobility. Traffic change has an obvious positive driving force on the mobility of municipalities (cities with districts), and it plays a more significant leading role in the migration and dispersal of population in urban areas, and the extension and direction migration of functional zones.

Key words: traffic, spatial mobility, scale, influence, nationwide, Ganzhou