Different from the developmental mode of western developed countries, China’s economy has changed from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development, where the people’s growing needs for better lives can be met, embodying this new concept of development. The aim of our study is to evaluate the high-quality development efficiency and total factor productivity (TFP) of regional economies in China, and to explore the characteristics of spatial-temporal pattern evolution and their influencing factors. By using the slacks-based measure of directional distance functions (SBM-DDF) model, based on the undesirable output perspective, the high-quality development efficiency and TFP of regional economies in China, from 2000 to 2018, are evaluated in this paper. The exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and Tobit models are then used to identify the spatial-temporal correlation patterns and influencing factors of high-quality development efficiency and TFP. The key results show the following: (1) from 2001 to 2018, the greatest high-quality development efficiency and TFP belonged to China’s eastern region and the least to its central region. (2) U and inverted-U trend lines show that high-quality development efficiency has significant regional difference in the east–west direction, presenting a significant feature of spatial imbalance. (3) Government, urbanization rate, and marketization level play a positive role in their impact of TFP, whereas financial development, infrastructure, foreign direct investment, and capital labor ratio play a negative one.

High-quality development is the only way to consolidate strategic achievements of building a moderately prosperous society, and to draw up the grand blueprint of basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035 and building China into a great modern socialist country by 2050. In this paper, we study the issue from the city level. Based on the new concept of development, the evaluation system is established. With the help of the vertical and horizontal level division method and fixed-based efficiency coefficient method, high-quality development comprehensive indexes are synthesized. Then, this paper applies spatial auto-correlation analysis, spatial Gini coefficient, Markov transfer matrix, panel regression model to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution pattern and driving factors of high-quality development of Chinese cities in the new era. The results show that: (1) The level of high-quality development of Chinese cities had been continuously optimized from 2012 to 2019, and high-quality development comprehensive indexes of eastern, central, southwestern and northwestern cities continue to increase, while that of northeastern cities first increase and then decrease. (2) In the process of high-quality development, the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations are vanguards, urban agglomeration of Ningxia along the Yellow River, rank relatively low, while central-south Liaoning urban agglomeration faces the pressure of declining development quality. (3) The level of high-quality development of Chinese cities decreases from east to west with prominent spatial agglomeration, but the imbalance of high-quality development is alleviated over time. Cities with lower quality status have the power to jump to a higher level. However, the transition becomes more and more difficult. At the same time, there is a risk that the development quality of Chinese cities could be transferred to the lower level. (4) Low altitude, gentle topography, significant industrial agglomeration externality, huge market size, adequate public financial support, continuous and in-depth opening up are the driving forces for high-quality development of Chinese cities. In order to drive high-quality development of Chinese cities, we have responsibilities to implement the new concept of development by advocating innovative development, paying attention to coordinated development, accelerating green development, attaching importance to opening-up development, and promoting shared development. In this process, first-mover cities will play a leading role in propelling high-quality development of later-mover cities, and reshaping Chinese economic geography pattern to achieve “universal boiling” vision.

高质量发展是巩固全面建成小康社会战略成果的必由之路,是绘制建设社会主义现代化国家宏伟蓝图的不二法门。本文将研究的空间尺度下移至城市层面,基于新发展理念构建评价体系,合成了高质量发展综合指数,通过空间自相关分析、空间基尼系数、马尔科夫转移矩阵、面板回归模型等统计与计量方法,剖析新时代中国城市高质量发展的时空演进格局与驱动因素。研究表明：① 2012—2019年中国城市高质量发展水平不断提升,其中东部、中部、西南、西北城市高质量发展综合指数持续增加,东北城市则先降后升。② 长三角城市群、珠三角城市群在高质量发展进程中充当了排头兵角色,宁夏沿黄城市群高质量发展排名相对靠后,辽中南城市群面临发展质量下滑的压力。③ 中国城市高质量发展在空间上大体呈现由东向西递减的规律,空间集聚特征突出,但高质量发展失调问题随时间推移得到缓解,低质量、中低质量、中等质量与中高质量状态城市具有向上一等级跃迁的动力,但难度逐级提升。此外,中国城市发展质量存在向下一等级转移的风险。④ 海拔高度、地形地势、产业集聚、市场规模、公共财政、对外开放均能显著影响中国城市高质量发展。为全方位驱动新时代中国城市高质量发展,需贯彻落实新发展理念,发挥先发城市的领头雁作用,带动后发城市高质量发展,通过重塑中国经济地理格局达成“普遍沸腾”的愿景。

China's urban agglomerations are the main area of national new urbanization, the strategic core area of national high-quality development and the responsibility area of carbon neutrality. The science and technology innovation plays an irreplaceable role in realizing the above main goals of urban agglomerations. How to promote China's urban agglomeration to achieve high-quality development and high-level protection of the ecological environment under the new development pattern, and gradually build a world-class urban agglomeration is a realistic problem to be solved. Based on this issue, during the 23rd Annual Conference of the Chinese Association of Science and Technology, with the theme of "Science and technology innovation driving the development of world-class urban agglomerations and the high-quality rise of China's urban agglomerations", the "Regional Collaborative Development Forum and the Second China Urban Agglomeration Development Forum" was specially set up, through systematic discussions of more than 50 well-known experts at home and abroad on urban agglomerations and science and technology collaborative innovation, it is generally believed that the development of global urban agglomerations of China has entered a new era in the 21st century, and the high-quality development of China's urban agglomerations has been promoted to an unprecedented strategic level. However, there are a series of practical problems in the development and planning implementation of urban agglomerations. In the future, the high-quality development of China's urban agglomerations must rely on scientific and technological innovation, and the construction of innovation-driven intelligence, carbon-neutrality, dual circulation and urban-rural integrated urban agglomerations should be the basic direction of high-quality development of China's urban agglomerations. We should further innovate the research work mechanism, establish a collaborative innovation community, and gradually build China's urban agglomerations into world-class urban agglomerations with high-quality development, high-level openness, high-quality life and efficient governance.

中国城市群是国家新型城镇化的主体区、国家高质量发展的战略核心区与碳中和的责任区,科技创新驱动对实现城市群的上述主体目标发挥着不可替代的重要作用。如何在新发展格局下依靠科技创新驱动促进中国城市群实现高质量发展和生态环境高水平保护,并逐步建成世界级城市群,是摆在我们面前亟待解决的现实问题。基于这一问题,在第23届中国科学技术协会年会期间,以“科技创新驱动世界级城市群发展与中国城市群高质量崛起”为主题,专门设立了“区域协同发展论坛暨第二届中国城市群发展论坛”,通过应邀的国内外50多位有关城市群及科技协同创新知名专家的系统研讨,普遍认为：全球城市群的发展已进入21世纪的中国新时代,中国城市群高质量发展地位被提升到了前所未有的战略高度,但城市群发展及规划实施中存在着一系列现实问题不容忽视,未来中国城市群高质量发展必须依靠科技创新驱动,把建设创新驱动的智慧型、碳中和型、双循环型和城乡融合型城市群作为中国城市群高质量发展的基本方向。进一步创新研究工作机制,建立协同创新共同体,逐步把中国城市群建成为高水平开放、高质量发展、高品质生活和高效能治理的世界级城市群。

文章基于中国１９个城市群２２４个作为“区域空间” 的城市２０００－２０１４年的面板数据，在采用不同方法分样本估算城市固定资本存量基础上，使用ＤＥＡ－Ｍａｌｍｑｕｉｓｔ指数法测算城市（群） ＴＦＰ变化并进行分解。结果表明：中国城市群整体综合效率提升没有弥补技术进步贡献下降，使平均ＴＦＰ（全要素生产率）下降但存在时空差异。空间上，西部尤其是西北地区城市群“追赶”效应使地区ＴＦＰ下降较慢但不均衡性大于东部，综合效率改进从东部到西部依次递增，东部仍然具有技术进步与规模效率的明显优势；时间上，中国城市群ＴＦＰ于２００８年持续下降，西北地区的“追赶” 效应正在消失，但城市群内部空间差异也在波动中减小，尤其是东部。

The United Nation's 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) offer an extensive framework for coordinating and shaping government policies, and for engaging the public with sustainability. Public understanding of the SDGs and sustainability can influence this engagement, as people are more likely to accept and share information consistent with their own understanding. We identify public understandings of SDGs through mental maps of how people relate the SDGs to environmental, social and economic sustainability. Using responses from 12 developed/developing countries (n = 2,134), we identified four mental maps that varied mainly on two dimensions, which diverged from some expert models. Some people's mental maps identified tension between achieving environmental versus social sustainability, whereas for others the tension was between economic sustainability and the other two sustainability elements. Some people related different SDGs to each element of sustainability, whereas others saw all SDGs as targeting the same sustainability element(s). These findings highlight opportunities and challenges to engage the public with sustainability more effectively, especially with wide-ranging initiatives such as a Green New Deal. We observed cultural differences but we also identified a dominant mental map across countries that could serve as a default model for communicating sustainability internationally.

Eco-city is an essential form of sustainable urban development and represents the tendency of modern cities. The evaluation of eco-city provides the fundamental basis for the planning, construction and management of eco-city. With the rapid development of social and economic, the connotation and evaluation index system of eco-city also need to update with the times. Currently, China's economy has shifted from a rapid growth stage to a high-quality development stage. Urban is an essential platform of regional economic development, it will also enter the stage of high-quality development. The eco-city is highly compatible with the concept of high-quality development, it is necessary to integrate the high-quality development ideology in the eco-city evaluation, which is in line with the current urban transformation and development requirements of China. Therefore, on the basis of combing the evolution and connotation development of eco-city, we set up an eco-city evaluation system guided by the concept of high-quality development, and then taking the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration (YRDUA) as an example to carry out the ecological level evaluation study of urban. Thus, the characteristics of spatial-temporal variations of urban ecological level was evaluated and the main obstacle factors was revealed. Based on various statistical data of YRDUA in 2005, 2010 and 2015, 27 indicators for evaluating eco-city that reflects the requirements for high quality development ideology were constructed from three aspects, they are economic development, ecological environment protection and social civilization progress. The entropy-TOPSIS model then analyzed the ecological level of cities, and the major obstacle factors was measured through obstacle degree model. The results showed that: The ecological level of the YRDUA present a steady improvement trend, the urban ecological level spatial pattern of the YRDUA shows a "core-periphery" structure, and it experienced the evolution process of double-high value center in 2005, single-high value center in 2010 and multiple-high value center in 2015. The ecological level of Shanghai municipality, provincial capital cities and other economically-strong cities like Suzhou and Wuxi are significantly better than other cities. There is a significant correlation between ecological level and city hierarchical, which means the urban ecological level is directly proportional to the population scale. The higher the urban hierarchy, the more advantageous the urban construction has, thus the higher the ecological level is. And the ecological level gap of the different urban hierarchy has gradually expanded during the study period. From the perspective of the 3 subsystems, economic development, ecological environment protection and social civilization progress, each city presents different advantages and disadvantages regarding different indicators. Moreover, the difference of ecology level regarding the economy and society are significant than the ecological environment. The obstacle factors of the ecological level of the YRDUA are relatively stable. For most cities, economic development, infrastructure, and public service factors are the primary constraints, especially in cities with relatively backward economic development, while a few economically developed cities have significant obstacles to environmental foundation and social civilization progress. In the future, the differentiated policies deserve much more attention, urban ecological level should promote to higher quality according to local conditions especially its significant constraints.

以长江三角洲城市群为案例区,运用熵值-TOPSIS模型评价城市生态化水平的变化及差异,运用障碍度模型探究影响城市生态化水平的主要障碍因子。结果表明:长三角城市群生态化水平在稳步提升,城市间生态化水平差异显著并呈扩大趋势;长三角城市群生态化水平在空间上呈现“中心-外围”结构,城市生态化水平与城市规模等级成正比,直辖市、省会城市和经济强市生态化水平要显著优于其他城市;城市在经济、生态环境和社会3个层面指标上的评价得分具有不平衡性,各城市优劣势有所差异,并且经济和社会层面的生态化水平差异大于生态环境层面的差异;对大多数城市而言,经济层面及基础设施、公共服务要素是主要障碍因子。未来生态城市建设应立足城市自身发展状况,因地制宜地提升城市生态化水平,建设高质量生态城市。

Nowadays, urban agglomerations are increasingly evolving into multi-scale, interregional complex systems. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a multi-fractal method to analyze the global and local properties of an urban agglomeration. Based on the NPP-VIIRS nighttime light data in 2018, this paper calculates the multi-fractal spectrum of urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (MRYR) and its four sub-agglomerations, and then analyzes their multi-fractal properties from the perspective of scale. The main results are as follows: (1) The nighttime light capacity dimensions show that there exists a double-scale phenomenon in the whole study region and its four sub-agglomerations. (2) When q < -5.5, the spectral curves of global fractal dimension surpass the upper limit of fractal dimension; when q > 0, the nighttime light fractal dimensions of the Wuhan and Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan (Chang-Zhu-Tan) sub-agglomerations are obviously higher. (3) The spectral curves of local fractal dimension of three sub-agglomerations of Wuhan, Poyang Lake, Chang-Zhu-Tan and Yichang-Jingzhou-Jingmen show that the peaks of the f (α) curves incline to the right, and the right ends of the curves are higher than the left ends. According to the above results, we can draw some conclusions: (1) The regional integration level of the whole study area was relatively low. (2) There was a differentiated spatial structure in different scales and regions, characterized as multiscale and complex features. (3) The whole urban agglomeration and its four sub-agglomerations tend to develop in a centralized manner. From the perspective of multi-scale interaction, this study proves the multi-fractal model is competent for detecting the complex spatial structure and the underlying problems of mega-urban agglomeration. The multi-fractal model has the potential for further theoretical exploration and practical analysis.

在城市群越来越演化为多尺度、多区域复杂系统背景下,有必要引入多分形理论与方法研究其空间结构。本文基于2018年NPP-VIIRS夜间灯光数据,计算长江中游城市群整体及其局部的多分维谱,根据谱线分析不同尺度下长江中游城市空间结构的多分形特征。结果显示：① 长江中游城市群夜间灯光容量维在整体和局部都出现双标度现象。② q &lt; -5.5时,整体广义关联维谱线突破理论上限2,在q &gt; 0时,武汉城市圈和环长株潭城市群的分维显著较高。③ 整体的局部分维谱和武汉城市圈、环长株潭城市群、环鄱阳湖城市群、宜荆荆城市群局部分维谱表现为单峰偏右。根据上述结果,得到和验证了以下结论：① 长江中游城市群区域一体化程度较低。② 长江中游城市群不同层级和区域的空间结构差异显著,呈现出多尺度复杂特征。③ 长江中游城市群在不同尺度中均倾向于中心集聚式发展。研究揭示多分形模型能够从尺度依赖视角有效揭示巨型城市群空间结构的复杂性及其背后的问题,具有很好的理论探索和实践分析前景。

The aticle sets urban agglomerations which the Chinese 13th Five-year Plan outline referred to as the research objects, respectively from the economic efficiency, economic structure, economic stability, economic development potential, results distribution, resources and environment, the welfare of the people’s livelihood seven dimensions of urban agglomeration economy growth quality characterization, from growth rate of GDP and per capita GDP of two dimension depicting economic growth to build a comprehensive index system. Using the methods of entropy value method, coupling coordination model, geodetector and so on, we analyze the coupling coordination between quality and quantity of economic growth in China from 2006 to 2018 and its interaction mechanism. The results showed that: 1) As for the overall level, the coordination degree between quality and quantity of economic growth in China's urban agglomerations is low, and shows a downward trend; 2) In terms of the spatial pattern of coordination degree, the spatial pattern of the quality of economic growth with the quantity of economic growth and the speed of economic growth showed a trend of “high in the east and low in the west” and remained relatively stable, but the spatial pattern of coordination degree of the quality and scale of economic growth changed greatly; 3) In terms of coordination types, the “quantity lag” type distributed sporadically, the “scale lag” type is concentrated in the central and western regions, the “speed lag” type is expanded in the northeast, and the “quality lag” type showed diversity due to the different coordination objects; 4) The coordination among the quality of economic growth and the scale of economic growth and speed of economic growth shows a feature of not accordance; 5) The analysis of mutual coordination mechanism shows that the welfare of the people’s livelihood, economic development potential and per capita GDP have a significant and important influence on the improvement of the coordination level of economic growth quality and quantity in 19 China’s urban agglomerations; 6) It explains the key measures to be taken by different coordinated urban agglomerations, so as to help the high-quality economic development of 19 China’s urban agglomerations.

以中国“十三五”规划纲要提及的19个城市群为研究对象，分别从经济效率、经济结构、经济稳定性、经济发展潜力、成果分配、资源环境、民生福利7个维度刻画城市群经济增长质量，从GDP增长率和人均GDP两个维度刻画经济增长数量以构建综合指标体系，运用熵值法、耦合协调模型、地理探测器等方法，剖析2006—2018年中国城市群经济增长质量与数量的耦合协调关系及其相互作用机理，研究结果表明：① 总体协调水平上，中国城市群经济增长质量与数量的协调度较低，且呈下降趋势；② 协调度空间格局上，经济增长质量与增长数量、增长速度的空间格局呈现“东高西低”的趋势，且保持相对稳定，但经济增长质量与增长规模的协调度空间格局差异较大；③ 协调类型上，“数量滞后”型呈零星分布，“规模滞后”型向中西部集聚，“速度滞后”型向东北拓展，“质量滞后”型表现出多样性特征；④ 经济增长质量与规模、速度的协调关系表现出不一致的特征；⑤ 相互协调机理分析发现，民生福利、经济发展潜力、人均GDP对中国城市群经济增长质量与数量协调水平的提升具有显著影响。⑥ 针对不同协调类型的城市群应分别采取相应举措以助力中国城市群经济高质量发展。

The 19th National Congress pointed out that "China's economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage", indicating that the transformation of the economic development mode is the only way for China's economy to shift from high-speed growth to high-quality development, and must shift from scale to quality. Based on the core concept of high-quality economic development, this article constructs a five-dimensional economic development mode transformation evaluation index system including economic growth kinetic energy conversion, structural optimization, green development, stable opening and population development. Firstly, the article analyzes the transformation level of economic development mode in China and various provinces from 1987 to 2017 by using the "transverse and horizontal extension method", and then explores its temporal and spatial characteristics by ESDA method. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) China's economic development mode changes overall level. It is on an upward trend year by year, especially after the growth of many provinces in 2012, but the development gap between regions is large. 2) In the five dimensions reflecting the transformation of economic development mode, the population development is better; The economic structure optimization is steadily advancing; the green development shows a trend of deterioration and improvement; the economic stability and opening up ability is steadily rising; the economic growth kinetic energy conversion is poor, but The fluctuations slightly increased. 3) The spatial differentiation is obvious, and the level of China's economic development mode has generally shown a trend of decreasing the gradient in the inland hinterland with the eastern region as the core. 4) A more obvious global spatial positive correlation is presented, and the local spatial mainly forms high and low agglomeration types, and there is a relatively obvious interaction relationship. The policy enlightenment is: 1) Establish the "five developments" concept, reduce environmental pollution through structural upgrading, and accelerate the formation of new development kinetics with science and technology innovation as the core. We will work hard to implement the people-centered development thinking and continuously improve the level of social security and welfare. 2) Play the leading role of the eastern region, increase the investment of funds, technology and talents needed for the western region, and gradually narrow the difference in the economic development mode between the eastern and western regions. 3) It is necessary to fully consider the dynamic evolution of time and space in the transformation of different provincial economic development modes. Based on this, several suggestions are proposed to promote the transformation of China's economic development mode in the new era.

基于经济高质量发展的核心理念,构建包含经济增长的动能转换、结构优化、绿色发展、稳定开放、人口发展的五维经济发展方式转变评价指标体系。运用&#x0201C;纵横向拉开档次法&#x0201D;对中国及各省域1987~2017年的经济发展方式转变水平进行综合评价,利用ESDA法对其时空特征进行探索,研究表明：① 中国经济发展方式转变水平整体呈逐年上升趋势,特别是2012年后很多省域增速明显,但地区间发展差距较大。② 反映经济发展方式转变的5个维度中,人口发展较好;经济结构优化稳步推进;绿色发展呈现先恶化后改善的趋势,但正成为主导转变的核心动力之一;经济稳定开放能力平稳上升;经济增长动能转换较差,但在呈波动中略上升。③ 空间分异明显,中国经济发展方式转变水平总体呈现出以东部地区为核心、逐步向内陆腹地区域梯度递减的趋势。④ 呈现出较明显的全局空间正相关性,局部空间上主要形成高高和低低集聚类型,存在较明显的交互影响关系。据此提出几点促进新时代中国经济发展方式转变的建议。

Based on population mobility data between all prefecture-level cities in China acquired from Tencent mobile phone locations, this article examines the evolution of the spatial correlation model of China's prefecture-level economic growth under the population mobility network. And the spatial spillover effect of economic growth among these cities is also measured in this article by utilizing the network analysis method. The main conclusions obtained in this article are: 1) The construction of the spatial weight matrix should be based on the data that characterizes the interaction and degree between regions. The spatial weight matrix that conforms to reality should be asymmetric and change with the modifying of interaction. 2) Factors such as population mobility networks that interact with prefecture-level cities play an important role in the spillover of economic growth. China's prefecture-level cities show a more obvious ‘center-periphery’ structure. Five central cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Chengdu form five fulcrums from north to south and from east to west. The prefecture-level cities with which these five cities have population relationships are concentrated in the eastern and central regions in terms of spatial distribution, and slightly less in the west and northeast. Meanwhile, sub-central prefecture-level cities have formed a hexagonal population mobility network pattern from northeast to southwest. Changchun, Lanzhou, Hangzhou, Dongguan, Nanning and Kunming are vertices of this network. Population mobility is very frequent in this hexagon network and is relatively infrequent outside this hexagon. 3) Network growth effect is an important factor in the economic growth of prefecture-level cities. Using the population mobility network, the population factor has a negative network spillover effect, while foreign direct investment has a positive spillover effect on economic growth. The population factor also has a negative spillover effect on local economic growth, while the fixed asset investment and total retail sales of consumer goods have a significant positive spillover effect, if the geographical proximity network and geographical distance network are used. Finally, according to the research in this article, the policy recommendations are proposed to narrow the economic differences between prefecture-level cities and to achieve coordinated development.

以腾讯公司根据手机位置得到的中国地级及以上城市之间人口流动数据为基础,考察人口流动网络下地级市经济增长的空间关联模式及其演变,结合网络分析方法,测度地级市间经济增长的空间溢出效应。主要结论有：① 符合现实的空间权重矩阵应该是非对称的,且随着互动关系的改变而发生变化。② 人口流动网络等反应地级市之间互动的因素在经济增长空间溢出中发挥了重要作用。③ 基于网络的空间溢出效应是地级市经济增长的重要因素。

Promoting the transformation, upgrading, and high-quality development of resource-based cities is a key point to achieve high-quality development in China. The comprehensive evaluation of the high-quality development of resource-based cities and the analysis of its influence mechanism can not only enrich the relevant theoretical research, but also have important practical significance. Based on Marxist political economy, this paper reviews and analyzes the theoretical framework of high-quality development in the new era, and systematically constructs the index system of high-quality development of resource-based cities. On this basis, the high-quality development level of 117 resource-based cities is comprehensively estimated, and its influence mechanism is analyzed. The results show the following. (1) From 2005 to 2017, the high-quality development level of resource-based cities continued to grow, showing a significant spatial distribution pattern of "relatively high in the east, but relatively low in the west and northeast". (2) The cities with higher and lower high-quality development levels have obvious regional agglomeration characteristics, but the local imbalance of high-quality development level intensifies, and the phenomenon of spatial polarization continues to expand. (3) The high-quality development level of cities in different growth stages is quite different. Among them, the high-quality development level of regenerative cities is the highest, while that of declining cities is the lowest. (4) The distance between resource-based cities and provincial capital cities or municipalities directly under the central government, natural factors (such as location, and altitude of cities), and the open time of cities have an important impact on the high-quality development level of resource-based cities.

促进资源型城市转型升级与高质量发展,是中国全面实现高质量发展的难点和重点。对资源型城市高质量发展水平进行综合评估并分析其影响机理既能丰富相关理论研究,也具有重要的实践意义。基于马克思主义政治经济学,梳理和分析了新时代高质量发展的理论框架,系统构建了资源型城市高质量发展的指标体系,在此基础上综合测算了中国117个资源型城市的高质量发展水平,并深入分析了其影响机理。结果表明：① 2005&#x02014;2017年资源型城市高质量发展水平持续增长,整体呈现显著的&#x0201c;东部相对较高、西部相对较低&#x0201d;的分布格局。② 高质量发展水平较高和较低的城市具有明显的区域集聚特征,但高质量发展水平局部不平衡性加剧,空间极化现象持续扩大。③ 不同成长阶段的城市高质量发展水平存在较大差别,其中,再生型城市高质量发展水平最高,而衰退型城市高质量发展水平最低。④ 资源型城市与省会城市或直辖市的距离、区位和海拔、城市的开放时间等均对资源型城市高质量发展水平有重要影响。

Improving urban residents’ quality of life is an important goal and concrete embodiment of achieving high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.This article constructs an evaluation index system of urban residents of quality of life from 4 aspects (residents’ life, infrastructure, public service and ecological environment), and measures the level of urban residents’ quality of life in the Yellow River Basin in 2004-2018. The kernel density estimation, ESDA and Dagum Gini coefficient are used to analyze the spatial and temporal pattern of residents’quality of life and measured the spatial difference. The obstacle factor diagnosis model is used to analyse the obstacle factors of residents’ quality of life. The conclusions are as follows: 1) From 2004 to 2018, the areas with high quality of life of urban residents in the Yellow River basin gradually transferred from the lower reaches to the middle and upper reaches; 2) The H-H agglomeration areas of urban residents’quality of life in the Yellow River Basin are mainly in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the L-L agglomeration areas are mainly in Henan Province, Shandong Province and Shanxi Province; 3) The spatial difference of the quality of life of urban residents in the Yellow River Basin is mainly the contribution of the net value difference between regions from the upper, middle and lower scales, and the contribution of the regional difference from the left and right bank scales; 4) The obstacles to urban residents’ quality of life in the Yellow River Basin are mainly the amount of water resources per capita, the number of mobile phone users at the end of the year, the area of parks and green space per 10 000 persons, the proportion of education expenditure in fiscal expenditure, the road area per 10 000 persons, and the per capita disposable income, etc. Therefore, we must pay attention to the ecological environment protection, especially the rational utilization of water resources, improvement of urban infrastructure and public service levels in the future high-quality development.

提高居民生活质量是实现黄河流域高质量发展的重要目标和具体体现。从居民生活、基础设施、公共服务、生态环境4个方面构建城市居民生活质量评价指标体系，测度2004―2018年黄河流域城市居民生活质量水平，利用核密度估计、ESDA、Dagum基尼系数等方法进行居民生活质量时空格局分析及空间差异测度，并运用障碍因子诊断模型分析影响居民生活质量水平的障碍因子，得出如下结论：① 2004―2018年黄河流域城市居民生活质量高水平区域从下游城市逐渐转移到中上游城市；② 黄河流域城市居民生活质量高-高集聚区主要是内蒙古自治区及相邻区域的城市，低-低集聚区主要是河南省、山东省以及山西省的部分城市；③ 黄河流域城市居民生活质量水平的空间差异从上中下游尺度看主要是区域间净值差异贡献，从左右岸尺度看主要是区域内部差异贡献；④ 黄河流域城市居民生活质量水平的障碍因子主要是人均水资源量、移动电话年末用户数、每万人公园绿地面积、教育支出占财政支出比重、每万人拥有的道路面积与人均可支配收入等，因此在未来的高质量发展中要注重生态环境保护，特别是合理利用水资源，完善城市基础设施与提升公共服务水平。