2000—2020年中国青饲料播种面积及供需驱动因素的时空格局
杨彤(1996-), 女, 山西阳泉人, 博士生, 主要从事农业土地利用变化研究。E-mail: yangtong_bs@cau.edu.cn |
收稿日期: 2023-08-05
修回日期: 2024-06-30
网络出版日期: 2024-07-30
基金资助
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0608)
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA26010202)
Spatio-temporal patterns of succulence sown area and its driving factors considering forage demand and supply in China during 2000-2020
Received date: 2023-08-05
Revised date: 2024-06-30
Online published: 2024-07-30
Supported by
The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(2019QZKK0608)
The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA26010202)
高产、优质的青饲料对于国家畜牧业发展和食物供给至关重要。然而,当前对于青饲料播种面积时空变化格局及其阶段性特征、区域差异以及影响因素等尚未清楚。本文基于省级面板数据分析了2000—2020年青饲料种植的时空格局变化,结合MODIS-NPP产品和统计数据,揭示了饲料供给与需求对青饲料播种面积的影响。结果表明:① 2020年中国青饲料播种面积为2199×103 hm2,仅占农作物播种面积的1.3%,其中牧业地区占全国的59%。② 2000年以来青饲料播种面积经历了快速增长(2000—2003年,464.2×103 hm2/a)、快速下降(2004—2009年,-399×103 hm2/a)和缓慢增长(2010—2020年,64.3×103 hm2/a)3个时期。牧业地区主导了全国青饲料播种面积的变化。③ 饲料供需因素最多可以解释92%的青饲料播种面积变化。其中,饲料需求每增加1万t,青饲料播种面积最高增加900 hm2。秸秆草饲料产量与青饲料互为补充,以负效应为主(偏回归系数介于-1.2~-0.5之间)。天然草饲料产量则对青饲料播种面积变化影响较小。此外,生态工程和农业政策等因素通过调控奶业、草牧业和种植业对青饲料播种面积的变化有重要影响。本文结果可为制定粮食安全、生态环境保护和作物结构调整等相关政策措施提供科学支持。
杨彤 , 赵雯莉 , 董金玮 , 李愈哲 , 李之超 , 王洁 , 齐雯丽 , 毕健 , 张戈丽 . 2000—2020年中国青饲料播种面积及供需驱动因素的时空格局[J]. 地理学报, 2024 , 79(7) : 1804 -1823 . DOI: 10.11821/dlxb202407011
High-yield and superior-quality succulence is crucial to the development of national animal husbandry and food supply. However, the current understanding of the spatial and temporal variation pattern of succulence sown area needs to be improved, especially the stage characteristics, regional differences and driving factors are not yet clear. Based on the provincial panel data, we analyse the spatial and temporal dynamic patterns of succulence sown area from 2000 to 2020, and reveal its driving factors of forage supply and demand based on natural forage production, crop straw production, and forage demand estimated by MODIS- derived NPP datasets, crop production, and total livestock in each provincial-level region. The main results are that: (1) The sown area of succulence in China was 2199 thousand hectares, accounting for only 1.3% of the crop sown area in 2020. The succulence plantation in China is mainly distributed in pastoral areas, accounting for 59% of the country. (2) Since 2000, the interannual variation of succulence sown area in China has undergone three stages: a rapid growth stage (2000-2003, 464.2 thousand hm2/a), a rapid decline stage (2004-2009, -399 thousand hm2/a) and a slow growth stage (2010-2020, 64.3 thousand hm2/a). The pastoral provinces dominated the dynamics of the whole country. (3) Forage supply and demand factors can explain at most 92% of the dynamic of succulence sown area. Forage demand increases by 10000 tons, the sown area of succulence increases by 900 hectares at most. Straw forage and succulence complement each other, and straw forage production mainly has negative effects (the partial regression coefficients ranges from -1.2 to -0.5) on the sown area of succulence. The natural forage production has little effect on the change of succulence sown area. In addition, ecological engineering and agricultural policy play important roles in regulating the development of dairy, forage, and planting husbandry. Our study on spatial and temporal patterns of succulence sown area and its driving factors considering forage demand and supply can provide scientific support for the formulation of relevant policies and measures such as food security, ecological environment protection and crop structure adjustment.
Key words: succulence; spatio-temporal pattern; sown area; forage supply-demand; China
图7 天然草饲料产量、秸秆草饲料产量、饲料需求对青饲料播种面积变化的影响和青饲料播种面积变化的主要饲料供需驱动因子的空间格局注:图中阴影部分表示p < 0.05。 Fig. 7 The spatial pattern of the effects of natural forage production, crop-straw forage production, and forage demand on the variation of succulence sown area, as well as the main driving factors of succulence sown area |
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