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2012 , Vol. 67 >Issue 2: 230 - 238

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11821/xb201202009

旅游地理

中国书法景观的公众地理知觉特征——书法景观知觉维度调查

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  • 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 南京 210093

收稿日期: 2011-06-15

  修回日期: 2011-11-08

  网络出版日期: 2012-02-20

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(40871072)

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The Dimensions and Characteristics of the Perception of Chinese Calligraphic Landscape

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  • School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China

Received date: 2011-06-15

  Revised date: 2011-11-08

  Online published: 2012-02-20

Supported by

National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40871072

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摘要

书法景观是一种代表中国特色文化符号的文化景观,景观知觉维度研究是了解这种景观基本特征的手段。本文将尝试开放问卷对书法知觉场所地方记忆报告结果进行编码,并构建专门计算公式进行权重计算,结果表明书法景观主要知觉维度可归为6 类：知觉时间、地理环境、书法特性、书法载体形式、价值和个体心理,并揭示了热点景点书法景观的知觉维度特征。眼动仪分析结果表明旅游景点的书法景观作为地域标志和景观标志,在公众知觉过程中占有重要地位。相对园林、湖泊和海滨景点内的书法景观,公众更多知觉到了山岳和宫殿庙宇内的书法景观。利用知觉频数描述了不同类型书法景观的地理场所公众知觉特征,根据书法景观知觉频率可将这些场所划分为景点、与人们生活息息相关的场所、新闻媒体和广场三个层次。本文的研究实际上也为中国特色文化景观的实证研究提供了一个有效的方法。

关键词： 书法景观; 文化符号; 知觉维度; 空间分异; 文化地理; 中国

本文引用格式

张捷, 卢韶婧, 蒋志杰, 李倩, 梁莉, 李娜, 黄正明 . 中国书法景观的公众地理知觉特征——书法景观知觉维度调查[J]. 地理学报, 2012 , 67(2) : 230 -238 . DOI: 10.11821/xb201202009

Abstract

Combining the human/natural landscapes with the element of Chinese calligraphy which is characterized by the handwriting of Chinese characters, Chinese calligraphic landscape is an essential part of cultural landscapes. And it is worthy to be taken into consideration when exploring the factors causing the spatial differentiation of places and landscapes. The calligraphic landscape is defined as a portion of geographical space with certain visual characteristics and special sense of place resulted from the layout of assembles of calligraphic works/analogous calligraphic works with a certain scale or visual performance. The basic characteristics of the calligraphic landscape can be explored by the investigation of the perceptual dimensions of the calligraphic landscape. By the open-ended questionnaires, undergraduate students, excluding those who major in calligraphy, from Nanjing University and Nanjing University of Finance, were investigated in April and May in 2004. A total of 496 valid questionnaires were collected finally. After context encoding and weight processing, this article reveals the public perceptual characteristics of Chinese calligraphic landscape. Six perceptual dimensions are concluded as i) perceptual time, ii) geographic environment, iii) calligraphic idiosyncrasy, iv) the calligraphy carrier form, v) value and vi) individual psychology, among which calligraphic idiosyncrasy and geographic environment are the most important factors influencing the perceptual process of calligraphic landscapes. Then this article describes different types and their perceptual characteristics of the settings of calligraphic landscapes. According to the statistical results of perceptual frequency, the settings investigated are divided as three levels as i) the scenic spots thought to be the representative of calligraphic landscape by the public, ii) the place related with the public's normal life where calligraphic landscapes can be perceived more easily if related with exhibition/economy/daily life/culture, and iii) the news media and squares where calligraphic landscapes are believed impossible to present. The result of eye movement analysis indicates the importance of calligraphic landscapes as landmarks during tourists' perception of a scenic spot. On tourism scenic spots, compared with the calligraphic landscapes in the garden, the lake and seaside, those in the mountains, the palace and the temples are more impressive for the public. This research has contributed to the empirical study of Chinese cultural landscape with a valid method.

Key words： calligraphic landscape; cultural symbol; perceptual dimensions; spatial differentiation; cultural geography

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