对地貌模拟,常用的物理机制和统计规律都有其自身的不足之处。而采用地貌形态模拟的方法,即运用地理信息系统方法把数字模型和数学模型有机地结合起来,将时间和空间缩小、定量化,可以形象地再现地貌形态的空间特征和地貌演化的过程。这一技术的实现在于创建四维地貌数据库,建立分形地貌模拟模型,用分形内插技术实现地貌形态的模拟。四维地貌数据库扩充了数字地面模型数据库,分形地貌模拟模型第一次把地貌的分形特征用计算机模拟实现。

The concept, theory and research method of geomorphology develops rapidly due to the development of modern science and technique. 1997’s computer simulation and analysis are introduced into geomorphologic research. It makes the research methods move from qualitative description to quantitative expression. This paper introduces a new type of geomorphologic simulation based on the computer graphic theory. It focuses on the geomorphology topic-topography and intends to reduce the parameter definition difficult in the physical models and avoid the non spatial characteristics of statistic models. A new theoretical system is established. Research work included: (1) Design integration system, which contains both digital models and mathematical models. Digital models are a presentation of the real world status, while mathematical model is a presentation of the real world evaluation processes. (2) Use the Digital elevation model as the presentation of 3 dimensional topography. By the 3 dimension concept to 4 dimension expanding we developed the geomorphologic temporal spatial database. Thus make the geomorphologic simulation base on the information system technique. (3) Apply the fractal model. Besides the present continuous process modeling, this model provides a non continues process modeling method. Also, fractal model is the tool to analysis the chaotic set in the dynamic system. The use of fractal model will be important in the further research. (4) By using the new object oriented programming language, 32 bit memory mode and multi thread concept and the interactive GUI of Windows, etc., the 3D visualization tool, profile analysis tool and accumulation-erosion analysis tool are developed. They have high performance efficiency, high analysis functions and high visual effects, and are easy to learn and easy to use. (5) Implement the software in the southern part of Changjiang Estuary and verify the theory and technique of the computer aided geomorphologic simulation. The application of this method has significance in the geomorphology, environment research and decision making support. This study is not the simply application of computer technique or system integration. The result of the work expands the theory and method of multi discipline. The study creates a new research area of geomorphologic simulation. In the real world application, it provides a new viewpoint to the geomorphology research. It will make great contribution to geomorphology modernization process.