本文利用1951—1986年全球月平均海平面气压资料以及赤道东太平洋的海温资料,研究了东亚冬季风的年际变化与厄·尼诺的关系,主要结果有:(1)东亚冬季风盛行期(10—3)赤道东太平洋海温与海平面气压场的密切相关区,主要位于亚洲南部和西太平洋(正相关)、澳洲北部(正相关)以及阿留申群岛地区(负相关)。(2)海温的变化一般超前冬季风的变化1—2个季节,以11月的海温与之相关最密切。(3)厄·尼诺年冬季,东亚大陆冷空气南下路径偏东,我国南方多雨。反厄·尼诺年相反,冷空气南下路径偏西,我国南方少雨。

In this paper the relationship between the interannual variations of East Asial wi-nter monsoon and the El Ni?o events is examined based on the monthly mean sea level pressure (SLP) data set over the greater parts of the globe (50°S一60°N),, auk the sea surface tempereture (SST) in the Equatorial Eastern Pacific (0°-10°S, 180°一90°W) from 1951 to 1986. The: main results are as follows: (1) Significant correlations between the SST in the Equatorial .Eastern Paeific} and the SLP during predominating of the East Asia winter monsoon (Oct.-Mar.), occur in southern Asia and western Pacific (positive correlation) northern Austra-lia (positive correlation) and Aleutians Island (negative correlation). (2) The variations of the SST lead that of the SLP in one or two seasons. The greatst correlation is found .between the SST in November and the SLP in the mo-nths preceded and followed. (3) In the winters (Dec. of 0 year to Feb. of+1 year) of an E1 Ni?es year, the path of cold wave over East Asian continent migrates to the east in comparing to the normal and the precipitations increase in South China. On the contrery, in an anti-E1 Ni?o year the path of cold wave moves to the west and the precipitation decreasesin in South China.