人们流连风景,玩游山水,不但是舒情怡性,欣赏自然,而且仰慕胜景,常发为诗歌文章。太史公足迹几遍於当时的中国,其所作史记,文笔雄厚奔放,一部份未始不受旅行之赐。所以古人说,十年读书,十年养气,所谓羊气决不是闭户静坐之意,而是教人出去旅行,多览胜景,多广见闻。可见古人从前治学,对於旅行也是很注重的。世界名胜分析起来不外山水植物建筑四项。而构成风景的最重要因素尤为山与水两者。

The present landforms may be expressed as a function of structure, proceesand stage. It is admittedly true that in most regions, stage and process areperhaps of more importance in determining the main outline of landscape.