EN中文

地理学报 >

2013 , Vol. 68 >Issue 1: 127 - 136

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11821/xb201301014

水文

水文循环模拟中蒸散发估算方法综述

展开
  • 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京100101;
    2. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京100049;
    3. 武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室;
    4. 挪威奥斯陆大学, 奥斯陆;
    5. Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-680, Poland
赵玲玲,女,河南濮阳人,博士研究生,主要研究方向:流域水文循环模拟。E-mail:linglingzhao@foxmail.com

收稿日期: 2012-08-23

  修回日期: 2012-10-16

  网络出版日期: 2013-01-20

基金资助

国家重点基础研究973 项目(2010CB428406); 中国科学院—澳大利亚联邦科工组织战略合作项目(CJHZ1223)

收起

A review of evapotranspiration estimation methods in hydrological Models

Expand
  • 1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. State Key Lab. of Water Resources & Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
    4. Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;
    5. Department of Hydrology and Water Management, Institute of Physical Geography and Environmental Planning, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-680, Poland

Received date: 2012-08-23

  Revised date: 2012-10-16

  Online published: 2013-01-20

Supported by

National Basic Research Program of China, No.2010CB428406; CAS-CSIRO Cooperative research Program, No.CJHZ1223

Fold

摘要

为选取基于水文循环估算蒸散发方法提供依据, 首先对常用水文模型中蒸散发估算方法进行回顾, 根据其物理机理的强弱性, 将水文模型中蒸散估算方法分为整体折算法和分类汇总法。当前水文模型中整体折算法占较大比重, 它们之间的差异有两点:一是潜在蒸散发估算方法不同;二是土壤干燥度折算函数不同;研究表明:由于水文模型存在不确定性及Penman-Monteith 方法具有较高资料要求, 致使模拟中使用该方法与使用其它简化经验公式相似或更差的水文循环模拟效果。所以对于不同水文模型, 如何选取与之复杂程度相兼容的潜在蒸散发估算方程和土壤干燥度折算函数来降低模型的不确定性需进一步讨论。在此基础上, 预估基于水文循环估算蒸散发方法朝着复杂机理化和简单实用化两个方向发展。

关键词： 水文模型; 流域蒸散发; 潜在蒸散发; 土壤可用水函数

本文引用格式

赵玲玲, 夏军, 许崇育, 王中根, 苏磊 . 水文循环模拟中蒸散发估算方法综述[J]. 地理学报, 2013 , 68(1) : 127 -136 . DOI: 10.11821/xb201301014

Abstract

Actual evapotranspiration is a key process of hydrological cycle and a sole term that links land surface water balance equation and land surface energy balance equation. Evapotranspiration plays a key role in simulating hydrological effect of climate change, and a review of evapotranspiration estimation methods in hydrological models is of vital importance. This paper firstly summarizes the evapotranspiration estimation methods in hydrological models and then classifies them into integrated discounting methods and classification gathering methods by their mechanism. Integrated discounting methods are usually used in hydrological models and two differences exist among these methods, one is in the potential evaporation estimation methods, and the other difference is the function for defining relationship between potential evaporation and actual evapotranspiration. Due to the higher information requirements of the Penman-Monteith method and the existing uncertainty in those data, simplified empirical methods for calculating potential and actual evapotranspiration are widely used in hydrological models. Different evapotranspiration calculation methods are used in different hydrological models, and importance and difficulty in the selection of most suitable evapotranspiration methods in various hydrological models with different complexity is discussed. Finally, this paper points out the development direction of the evapotranspiration estimating methods in hydrological models.

Key words： hydrological model; actual evaporation; potential evaporation; function of soil moisture

参考文献

[1] Lu Guihua, Wu Zhiyong, He Hai. Hydrological Cycle and Quantity Forecast. Beijing: Science Press, 2010. [陆桂华, 吴志勇, 何海. 水文循环过程及定量预报. 北京: 科学出版社, 2010.]

[2] Dalton. Experimental essays on the constitution of mixed gases: on the force of steam or vapor from water or otherliquids in different temperatures, both in a torricelli vacuum and in air; on evaporation; and on expansion of gases byheat. Manchester Literary Philosophical Society Mem. Proceedings, 1802, (5): 536-602.

[3] Zuo Dakang, Qin Wenhan. Research development of evaporation in abroad. Geographical Research, 1988, 7(1): 86-94.[左大康, 覃文汉. 国外蒸散发研究进展. 地理研究, 1988, 7(1): 86-94.]

[4] Xu Zongxue, Li Jingyu, Ito K. Development of the evaporation component for the physically-based distributed tankmodel. IAHS Publ., 2001, 270: 59-62.

[5] Xu Zongxue, Li Jingyu. Estimating basin evapotrsanspiatation using distributed hydrologic model. Journal ofHydrological Engineering, 2003, 8(2): 74-80.

[6] Zhao Renjun. Regional Hydrological Simulation: Xin'anjiang Model and Shanbei Model. Beijing: China Water PowerPress, 1984. [赵人俊. 流域水文模拟: 新安江模型和陕北模型. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 1984.]

[7] Xu Zongxue. Hydrological Model. Beijing: Science Press, 2009. [徐宗学. 水文模型. 北京: 科学出版社, 2009.]

[8] Beven K J, Kirkby M J, Schofield N et al. Testing a physically based flood-forecasting model (TOPMODEL) for threeUK catchments. Journal of Hydrology, 1984, 69: 119-143.

[9] Xia Jun, Wang Gangsheng, Ye Aizhong et al. A distributed monthly water balance model for analyzing impacts of landcover change on flow regimes. Pedosphere, 2005, 15(6): 761-767.

[10] Xia Jun, Wang Gangsheng, Tan Ge et al. Development of distributed time-variant gain model for nonlinearhydrological systems. Science in China: Series D, 2005, 48(6): 713-723.

[11] Liu Changming, Zheng Hongxing, Wang Zhonggen. Distribution Regional Hydrological Cycle Simulation. Zhengzhou:Yellow River Conservancy Press, 2006. [刘昌明, 郑红星, 王中根等. 流域水循环分布式模拟. 郑州: 黄河水利出版社, 2006.]

[12] Arnold J G. Williams J R. Srinivasan R et al. Large area hydrological modeling and assessment (Part 1): Model development. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 1998, 34(1):73-89.

[13] Liu Z. Toward a comprehensive distributed lumped rainfall runoff model: Analysis of available physically basedmodels and proposal of a new TOPKAPI model [D]. The University of Bologna, 2002.

[14] Abbott M B, Bathhurst J C, Cunge J A et al. An introduction to the European Hydrological System-SystemeHydrologique European, SHE; 1. History and philosophy of a physically based distributed modeling system. Journal ofHydrology, 1986, 87(1): 45-59.

[15] Abbott M B, Bathhurst J C, Cunge J A et al. A introduction to the European Hydrological System-SystemeHydrologique Europeen, SHE; 2. Structure of a physically-based distributed modeling system. Journal of Hydrology,1986, 87(1): 61-77.

[16] Liang X, Lettenmaier D P, Wood E F et al. A simple hydrologically based model of land surface water and energyfluxes for general circulation models. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1994, 99(7): 14415-14428.

[17] Mo Xingguo, Liu Suxia. Simulating the water balance of the Wuding River Basin in the Loess Plateau with adistribution eco-hydrological model. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2004, 59(3): 341-348. [莫兴国, 刘苏峡. 无定河流域水量平衡变化的模拟. 地理学报, 2004, 59(3): 341-348.]

[18] Jia Yangwen, Ni Guangheng, Yoshihisa Kawahara et al. Development of WEP model and its application in urban area.Hydrological Process, 2001, 15(11): 2175-2194.

[19] Dyck S. Overview on the present status of the concepts of water balance models. IAHS Publ., 1985, 148: 3-19.

[20] Minhas B S, Parikh K S, Srinivasan T N et al. Toward the structure of a production function for wheat yields withdated inputs of irrigation water.Water Resources Research, 1974, 10(3): 383-393.

[21] Norero A L. A formula to express evapotranspiration as a function of soil moisture and evaporative demands of theatmosphere [D]. Utah State University, 1969.

[22] Xu C Y. Seibert J. Halldin S. Regional water balance modeling in the NOPEX area: Development and application ofmonthly water balance models. Journal of Hydrology, 1996, 180(1): 211-236.

[23] Xu C Y, Singh V P. A review on monthly water balance models for water resources investigations. Water ResourcesManagement, 1998, 12(1): 31-50.

[24] Bagrov N A. on multi-year average of evapotranspiration from land surface. Met. Gidrol., 1953, (10): 20-25.

[25] Marie Gardelin, Goran Lindstrom. Priestley-Taylor evapotranspiration in HBV simulations. Nordic Hydrology, 1997, 28(4/5): 233-246.

[26] Xu C Y, Singh V P. Evaluation and generalization of radiation-based methods for calculating evaporation.Hydrological Processes, 2000, 14(2): 339-349.

[27] Xu C Y, Singh V P. Evaluation and generalization of temperature-based methods for calculating evaporation.Hydrological Processes, 2001, 15(2): 305-319.

[28] Singh V P, Xu C Y. Evaluation and generalization of 13 equations for determining free water evaporation.Hydrological Processes, 1997, 11(3): 311-323.

[29] Turc L. Estimation of irrigation water requirements, potential evapotranspiration: A simple climatic formula evolved upto date. Annals of Agronomy, 1961, 12(1): 13-49.

[30] Makkink G F. Testing the Penman Formula by means of lysimeters. J. Instit. Water Engineers, 1957, 11(3): 277-288.

[31] Jensen M E, Haise H R. Estimation of evapotranspiration from solar radiation. Journal of Irrigation and DrainageDivision, 1963, 89: 15-41.

[32] Hargreaves G H. Moisture availability and crop production. Transactions of the American Society of AgriculturalEngineers ASAE, 1975, 18(5): 980-984.

[33] Doorenbos J, Pruitt W O. Crop water requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 24. Land and WaterDevelopment Division, FAO. Rome, 1977.

[34] Abtew W. Evapotranspiration measurement and modeling for three wetland systems in South Florida. Water ResourcesBulletin, 1996, 32(3): 465-473.

[35] Priestley C H B. Taylor R J. On the assessment of the surface heat flux and evaporation using large-scale parameters.Monthly Weather Review, 1972, 100(2): 81-92.

[36] Thornthwaite C W. An approach toward a rational classification of climate. Geographical Review, 1948, 38(1): 55-94.

[37] Linacre E T. A simple formula for estimating evaporation rates in various climates, using temperature data alone.Agricultural Meteorology, 1977, 18(6): 409-424.

[38] Kharrufa N S. Simplified equation for evapotranspiration in arid regions. Hydrologie Sonderheft, 1985, 5(1): 39-47.

[39] Blaney H F, Criddle W D. Determining water requirements in irrigated area from climatological irrigation data. USDepartment of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, Tech, 1950, 96: 48.

[40] Hamon W R. Estimating potential evapotranspiration. Hydraul. Div. Proc. Am. Soc. Civil Eng., 1961, 87: 107-120.

[41] Rohwer C. Evaporation from free water surface. USDA Tech. Null., 1931, 217: 1-96.

[42] Penman H L. Natural evaporation from open water, bare soil and grass. Proc. Royal Soc. London, 1948, 193(1032):120-145.

[43] Allen R G, Pereira L S, Raes D et al. Crop evapotranspiration: Guidelines for computing crop water requirements.FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56, 1998.

[44] Xie Xianqun. Changes of potential evaporation in northern China over the past 50 years. Journal of Natural Resources,2007, 22(5): 683-691. [谢贤群. 中国北方近50 年潜在蒸发的变化. 自然资源学报, 2007, 22(5): 683-691.]

[45] Sun Xiaozhou, Feng Zhiming, Yang Yanzhao. Change tendency of reference crop evapotranspiration in Xiliaohe Basin.Resources Science, 2009, 31(3): 479-484. [孙小舟, 封志明, 杨艳昭. 西辽河流域1952 年-2007 年参考作物蒸散量的变化趋势. 资源科学, 2009, 31(3): 479-484.]

[46] Zhang Shouhong, Liu Suxia, Mo Xingguo et al. Assessing the impact of climate change on referenceevapotranspiration in Aksu River Basin. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(11): 1363-1370. [张守红, 刘苏峡, 莫兴国等. 阿克苏河流域气候变化对潜在蒸散量影响分析. 地理学报, 2010, 65(11): 1363-1370.]

[47] Liu Xiaomang, Zheng Hongxing, Liu Changming et al. Sensitivity of the potential evapotranspiration to key climaticvariables in the Haihe River Basin. Resources Science, 2009, 31(9): 1470-1476. [刘小莽, 郑红星, 刘昌明等. 海河流域潜在蒸散发的气候敏感性分析. 资源科学, 2009, 31(9): 1470-1476.]

[48] Li Bin, Li Lijuan, Qin Yuchu. Sensitivity analysis of potential evapotranspiration in the Lancang River Basin.Resources Science, 2011, 33(7): 1256-1263. [李斌, 李丽娟, 覃驭楚等. 澜沧江流域潜在蒸散发敏感性分析. 资源科学, 2011, 33(7): 1256-1263.]

[49] Liu Changming, Zhang Dan. Temporal and spatial change analysis of the sensitivity of potential evapotranspiration tometeorological influencing factors in china. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2011, 66(5): 579-588. [刘昌明, 张丹. 中国地表潜在蒸散发敏感性的时空变化特征分析. 地理学报, 2011, 66(5): 579-588.]

[50] Parmele L H. Errors in output of hydrologic models due to errors in input potential evapotranspiration. WaterResources Research, 1972, 8(2): 348-359.

[51] Paturel J, Servat E, Vassiliadis A. Sensitivity of conceptual rainfall-runoff algorithms to errors in input data-case of theGR2M model. Journal of Hydrology, 1995, 168(1): 111-125.

[52] Nandakumar N, Mein R G. Uncertainty in rainfall-runoff model simulations and the implications for predicting thehydrologic effects of land-use change. Journal of Hydrology, 1997, 192(1): 211-232.

[53] Andersson L. Improvement of runoff models, what way to go? Nordic Hydrology, 1992, 23(5): 315-332.

[54] Andreassian V, Perrin C, Michel C. Impact of imperfect potential evapotranspiration knowledge on the efficiency andparameters of watershed models. Journal of Hydrology, 2004, 286(1-4): 19-35.

[55] Oudin L, Hervieu F, Michel C et al. Which potential evapotranspiration input for a lumped rainfall-runoff model?(Part 2): Towards a simple and efficient potential evapotranspiration sensitivity analysis and identification of the bestevapotranspiration and runoff options for rainfall-runoff modeling. Journal of Hydrology, 2005, 303(1): 290-306.

[56] Kannan N, White S, Worrall F et al. Sensitivity analysis and identification of the best evapotranspiration and runoffoptions for hydrological modeling in SWAT-2000. Journal of Hydrology, 2007, 332(3): 456-466.

[57] Oudin L, Perrin C, Mathevet T et al. Impact of biased and randomly corrupted inputs on the efficiency and theparameters of watershed models. Journal of Hydrology, 2006, 320(1): 62-83.

[58] Singh V P, Donald K Frevert. Mathematical models of small watershed hydrology and applications. Water ResourcesPublications, 2002.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉