一国经济发展初期,区际资本流动通常是导致区域发展差距形成、扩大的重要原因——资本往往从发展条件较差的地区流向发展条件较好的地区,从而产生“好者更好、差者更差”的马太效应。银行间信贷资本流动是区际资本流动的重要形式。本文通过构建计量方法对中国区域发展差距扩大阶段(1978-2003 年) 银行间信贷资本的区际流动方向进行测度,并分析其成因。计量结果发现,存在区际间信贷资本流动的年份,资本并未从发展条件较差的中西部地区流向发展条件较好的东部地区,而呈现相反的流动。这表明银行间信贷资本的区际流动至少在一定程度上缩小而不是扩大了区域发展差距。进一步分析发现,政府对信贷的管制以及市场环境的变化分别导致了1994年以前以及1994 年以后的银行间信贷资本流动。
陈东, 樊杰
. 区际资本流动与区域发展差距——对中国银行间信贷资本流动的分析[J]. 地理学报, 2011
, 66(6)
: 723
-731
.
DOI: 10.11821/xb201106001
It is commonly believed that so far as countries at the early stage of economic development are concerned, capital usually flows from areas with unfavorable conditions to those with favorable conditions, which leads to the Matthew effect and the widening of regional development gap. Inter-bank credit flows are an important form of inter-regional capital flows. This paper used a measuring method to disclose the direction of the inter-bank credit flows between eastern China which has favorable conditions and central and western China which have unfavorable conditions during the period of widening of regional development gaps (1978-2003), and analyzed the causes. It was found that in the years of inter-regional capital flows, no net credit outflows from the underdeveloped areas to the developed areas but the reverse patterns were found. This indicated that the inter-bank credit flow narrowed rather than widened the regional development gap at least to some extent. Further analysis found that the credit control by the Central Government and the changes of market environments formed two periods of inter-bank credit flows before and after 1994 respectively.
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