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地理学报 >

2011 , Vol. 66 >Issue 5: 662 - 672

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11821/xb201105009

自然地理

巴丹吉林沙漠湖泊及地下水化学特征

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  • 1. 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院, 西安 710062;
    2. 中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室, 西安 710075;
    3. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州 730000
邵天杰(1982-), 男, 安徽人, 博士研究生, 研究方向为区域环境学。E-mail: tjshao2010@126.com

收稿日期: 2010-11-07

  修回日期: 2011-03-20

  网络出版日期: 2011-05-20

基金资助

教育部“长江学者”特聘教授项目资助(801813)

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Water Chemistry of the Lakes and Groundwater in the Badain Jaran Desert

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  • 1. College of Tourism and Environment Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, CAS, Xi'an 710075, China;
    3. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received date: 2010-11-07

  Revised date: 2011-03-20

  Online published: 2011-05-20

Supported by

Yangtze River Scholar Bonus Schemes of China, No.801813

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摘要

通过对巴丹吉林沙漠丘间湖泊和古日乃、雅布赖、阿拉善右旗等地及其周围浅层地下水离子化学成分分析，探讨了沙漠地区湖水与地下水化学成分特点、水化学类型、空间变化和湖水补给来源。结果显示，巴丹吉林沙漠湖泊水的pH、盐度、TDS和电导率均远远大于地下水。湖水样品中Na+和Cl-含量占绝对优势，大多数盐度较高的湖泊属于Na(K)-Cl-(SO4) 型，个别盐度较低的微咸湖属于Na-(Mg)-(Ca)-Cl-(SO4)-(HCO3) 型。地下水的化学类型多数为Na-(Ca)-(Mg)-Cl-(SO4)-(HCO3)型，属微咸水，个别为Na-Cl-SO4型的咸水。沙漠东南部湖群水的pH值、盐度、TDS和电导率比较低，呈微碱性，属微咸湖；而北部湖群水的pH、盐度、TDS和电导率远远大于东南部湖群，呈中等碱性，为盐水湖。湖水离子化学特征显示沙漠东南部湖群自南向北的演化趋势为：微咸湖→咸水湖→盐水湖。湖水离子化学成分短时间序列变化指示，近9 年宝日陶勒盖、巴丹东湖、巴丹西湖、诺尔图、呼和吉林湖水中的大多数离子的含量有所降低，表明其近9 年来淡水补给量增多。湖水化学成分与湖水位高度显示，巴丹吉林沙漠湖群湖水流向是由东南流向西北。水化学成分和水位分布高度表明，该区沙漠湖水主要来自当地降水补给和来自沙漠东南缘雅布赖山和南缘的黑山头山地降水的补给，而来自祁连山区来水补给的可能性很小。

关键词： 水化学成分; 沙漠湖泊; 湖泊水化学类型; 湖水变化; 地下水; 补给来源; 巴丹吉林沙漠

本文引用格式

邵天杰, 赵景波, 董治宝 . 巴丹吉林沙漠湖泊及地下水化学特征[J]. 地理学报, 2011 , 66(5) : 662 -672 . DOI: 10.11821/xb201105009

Abstract

Based on the analysis of ion chemical composition of lake water and shallow groundwater in the Badan Jaran Desert, this paper discussed the characteristics of chemical composition, type of the lake water, spatial variation of lake water, and possible supply sources of lake water and groundwater in the desert areas. The results show that the pH, salinity, TDS and electrical conductivity of the lakes are greater than those of groundwater. The ion contents of the water samples are dominated by Na+ and Cl-. Most of the higher salinity lakes are Na(K)-Cl-(SO4) type, and a few low-salinity lakes are Na-(Mg)-(Ca)-Cl-(SO4)-(HCO3) type. Most of the groundwater bodies are Na-(Ca)-(Mg)-Cl-(SO4)-(HCO3) type, attribute brackish lake, and only a few present a Na-Cl-SO4 type, flowing under salt water lake. The pH, salinity, TDS and electrical conductivity of the southeastern lakes are relatively low, and there are slightly alkaline lakes, while the pH value, salinity, TDS and electrical conductivity of water in the northern lakes are much greater than those of the southeastern lakes, so the northern lakes are mederately alkaline and salt water ones. In the southeastern part of the Badan Jaran Desert, the chemical characteristics of ions of the lakes water show a changing trend from south to north in the order of brackish lake→salt water lake→Salina. The changing trends of chemical compositions of ions in recent 9 years indicate that most of the ion contents have a shade of reduced in Boritaolegai, east Badain, west Badain, Nuoertu and Huhejilin Lake, which states clearly that the amount of fresh water is increasing in the 9-year period. The chemical compositions of the lake water reveal that the flow direction of lake water is from the southeast to northwest in the Badan Jaran Desert.

Key words： chemical composition of water; desert lakes; chemistry type of lake water; spatial variation of lake water; groundwater; supply sources; Badain Jaran Desert

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