改革开放以来中国城市全球化的发展过程
收稿日期: 2009-12-16
修回日期: 2010-05-06
网络出版日期: 2010-10-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(40771066); “十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAC03A00)
Urban Globalization Process of China's since the Early 1980s
Received date: 2009-12-16
Revised date: 2010-05-06
Online published: 2010-10-20
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40771066; The 11th Five-Year Plan for China's Science and Technology Supporting Project, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, No.2007BAC03A00
近半个世纪以来，随着全球化影响的不断加强与深入，城市全球化已经成为全球城市变化的最重要特征之一，引发了风靡全球学术界的关于世界城市、全球城市、城市全球化的研究。已有的研究集中在全球城市体系中的少数城市，对广大发展中国家的城市涉及甚少。由此产生的问题是：除少数的世界城市或全球城市外，一般的城市是否经历全球化的过程?本文构建了衡量城市全球化水平的综合指标体系，运用专家打分法赋予各指标不同的权重系数。通过加权计算的方法对中国地级及地级以上城市在1984、1990、1995、2000、2004、2007 年共6 个主要年份的全球化水平进行测度和分析，探讨了中国城市全球化的变化过程。研究表明，1984-2007 年中国所有城市都经历了全球化水平不断提高的过程，说明城市的全球化并非少数城市的专利，而是所有城市共同经历的过程。上海、北京、深圳、广州等城市在中国城市全球化的领先地位日益突出，并日益接近世界上最高等级的全球城市。制造业功能对中国“世界工厂”类型的城市全球化具有非常重要的推动作用。
薛德升, 黄耿志, 翁晓丽, 林韬 . 改革开放以来中国城市全球化的发展过程[J]. 地理学报, 2010 , 65(10) : 1155 -1162 . DOI: 10.11821/xb201010001
Cities have been greatly influenced by the wave of globalization during the past half century, which has made the World City and Global City into a world popular research heat topic. Most existing research has focused on the about 50 cities on the top of the world city system before the end of the 1980s, only very recently extended to the 220 major cities, while most cities in the developing countries are neglected out of the World City Map. Regarding the driving forces of the World City/Global City, the economic function, particularly the producer services of these cities at the global level, in which the roles transnational corporations play, have been over emphasized. The questions are naturally and automatically arising: Are the other cities besides the top ones influenced by globalization? Are those average cities also experiencing the process of globalization? In which ways and at what levels are those general cities globalizing or globalized? In order to seek answers to these questions, Taking all the cities in China at prefectural level and above as research objects, we constructed an evaluation indicator system, and explored the change of the urban globalization levels of each Chinese city based on the data covering the years of 1984, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2004 and 2007. We found that: (1) all China's cities has witnessed the rise of their urban globalization levels during the last more than 2 decades. (2) The major cities such as Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen and Guangzhou have seen the most rapid development of urban globalization. So not only the world top cities but also the average Chinese cities have been experiencing the process of globalization. We have also found that manufacturing function has been a very important driving force of many world factory cities in the course of their globalization process in China.
Key words： globalization; urban globalization; process; driving force; China
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