浙江自然地理环境与采石文化的关系
收稿日期: 2010-04-01
修回日期: 2010-06-18
网络出版日期: 2010-09-20
The Relationship between Natural Environment and Quarrying Culture in Zhejiang
Received date: 2010-04-01
Revised date: 2010-06-18
Online published: 2010-09-20
浙江是石材大省，采石文化源远流长，近年来陆续发现多个古代采石遗迹。浙江采石文化是在浙江特有的地质、地貌、水系、气候等自然地理要素的综合作用下产生和发展起来的。浙江的地质条件是区域采石文化发生和发展的前提条件。“七山一水二分田”的地貌格局对采石文化的产生和发展具有重要影响。山地丘陵本身就是潜在的采石场所，蕴藏着丰富的石材资源，平原中的孤丘、平原与山地丘陵过渡地带以及盆地边缘地带常常分布有采石场，而特殊的河口地貌、漫长曲折的海岸线和数量众多的岛屿都会在一定程度上对采石文化产生影响。纵横交错的水系为石材的运输提供了便捷，有利于采石文化的传播，而河流水利工程的建设也会对采石文化产生一定的影响。特殊的沿海气候条件也会对采石文化产生一定的影响。采石文化对自然地理环境会产生一定的反作用，影响并且改变当地的地貌、水文、植被等自然地理环境要素。人类的采石活动对自然地理环境的改变主要是通过采石场景观的形成和石材的使用两条途径来实现的。
郑伟忠 . 浙江自然地理环境与采石文化的关系[J]. 地理学报, 2010 , 65(9) : 1099 -1110 . DOI: 10.11821/xb201009007
The quarrying culture in Zhejiang is formed and developed by the combined effect of factors such as geology, geomorphology, river system and climate. The geological condition is the prerequisite for the occurrence and development of the regional quarrying culture. The landscape pattern of "seven tenths of mountains, one-tenth of water and two tenths of fields" has an important influence on the emergence and development of quarrying culture. Mountains and hills rich in stone resources are potential quarries. And hills of the plains, transitional zones of plains and hills, as well as the edges of basin areas are generally distributed with quarries, while the special estuary landscape, long and tortuous coastlines and a large number of islands all have a certain impact on quarrying culture. The rivers across the land provide a favorable condition for the transport of stone, which is conducive to the spread of quarrying culture, and certainly the construction of water conservancy projects for rivers also have an impact on quarrying culture. The special climatic conditions along the coast also have some impact on quarrying culture. Quarrying culture has a certain reaction on natural environment, changing the local landscape, hydrology, vegetation and other physical geographical elements. Quarrying activity changes the natural environment, mainly by two ways: the formation of the landscape and the stone uses.
Key words： Zhejiang; natural environment; quarrying culture; stone
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