区域与产业发展

天津滨海新区自由贸易区建立与评价

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  • 1. 天津师范大学城市与环境科学学院,天津300387;
    2. 天津外国语大学附属外国语学校,天津300230
孟广文(1960-), 男, 天津市人, 教授, 德国海德堡大学博士; 研究方向: 经济地理, 区域规划和区域政策。 E-mail: gwmeng98@hotmail.com

收稿日期: 2010-04-12

  修回日期: 2010-09-13

  网络出版日期: 2011-02-20

基金资助

天津市哲学社会科学2008 年度课题重点项目(TJYY08-1-063)

Evaluation on the Establishment of Free Trade Zones in Tianjin Binhai New Area

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  • 1. College of Urban and Environmental Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China;
    2. Foreign Language School, affiliated to Tianjin Foreign Language University, Tianjin 300230, China

Received date: 2010-04-12

  Revised date: 2010-09-13

  Online published: 2011-02-20

Supported by

Key Project of Philosophy and Social Science of Tianjin Municipality, No.TJYY08-1-063

摘要

在经济全球化背景下,特别是中国加入世贸组织之后,中国的保税区面临着向自由贸易区 转型的压力与趋势。自1990 年起天津滨海新区分别建立起了天津港保税区、空港经济区和东疆 港保税区。目前3 个保税区已发展成为中国发展最成功的保税区之一和天津滨海新区的重要组 成部分。尽管存在着功能和空间整合以及政策约束等问题,但无论是现有基础、政策支持和发 展趋势上看,天津滨海新区具有发展成一流自由贸易区的潜力。本文依据自由贸易理论和国外 自由港和自由贸易区发展经验,结合中国保税区发展现状、优势以及与典型自由贸易区存在的 差距,利用模糊综合评价法、层次分析法(AHP) 及问卷调查方法,初步建立起自由贸易区综合发 展水平评价模型和3 级指标体系。以香港自由港为参照,从目标效用度、开放自由度,功能开发 度及环境完善度4 个方面对天津滨海新区3 个保税区发展水平进行总体综合评价。根据评价结 果提出扩大开放自由政策、促进产业发展、完善环境和目标效用等方面的建议,并最终提出天津 滨海新区分阶段分别建设3 个保税区、3 个各自独立自由贸易区和统一的综合型自由贸易区的 “三阶段”方案设想。

本文引用格式

孟广文, 刘铭 . 天津滨海新区自由贸易区建立与评价[J]. 地理学报, 2011 , 66(2) : 223 -234 . DOI: 10.11821/xb201102008

Abstract

China is facing new challenges of transition from bonded zone to free trade zone under the background of globalization and China's entry into WTO. Established in the 1990s, Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone (Bonded Zone), Tianjin Airport Economic Zone and Tianjin Dong-Jiang Free Trade Zone (Bonded Zone) have become the most successful bonded zones in China and the growing poles and leading industry of Tianjin Binhai New Area (TBNA). Despite some problems in function and space arrangement and policy limit, in fact, the bonded zones in TBNA have the potential to transit to a typical free trade zone based on the favorable location, policy support and development demand. Based on fuzzy synthetic evaluation method, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and questionnaire, this paper attempts to build an evaluation model with a three-level index system according to free trade theory and empirical experience of world free trade zones and free ports. Referred to the experience of Hong Kong Free Port, the study finally evaluates the comprehensive development level of TBNA's three bonded zones in terms of the objective and its utility, freedom and openness, functional development as well as environment improvement. Based on the above analysis, the paper discusses the achievements and problems of TBNA's bonded zones and puts forward suggestions, including implementing open-door policy, promoting industrial development, improving investment environment, raising the economic benefit and institutional innovation. The three-step plan of TBNA's transition to free trade zones has been submitted with three bonded zones as the first step, three separate free trade zones as the second step, and a comprehensive free trade zone of TBNA as the final step.

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