中国人口迁移的区域差异与流场特征
收稿日期: 2004-03-01
修回日期: 2004-10-11
网络出版日期: 2005-01-25
基金资助
高等学校博士点学科专项科研基金项目;国家自然科学基金项目 (40271041)
Areal Differentiation of Inter-provincial Migration in China and Characteristics of the Flow Field
Received date: 2004-03-01
Revised date: 2004-10-11
Online published: 2005-01-25
Supported by
Special Science Foundation for Authorized Doctoral Degree Education Institution of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40271041
通过2000年人口普查省际迁移数据的分析,揭示了当代中国人口迁移的区域分异性,以及不同原因的流场新模式。研究发现,中国人口迁移进入高活性、高能力的新阶段;东中西部人口迁移的不平衡性不断加剧,“中部塌陷”不仅是经济意义上的,而且也是社会意义上的;人口省际迁移的辐合流场与辐散流场在进一步发展,珠江三角洲是最大的迁移辐合中心;东北与山东的对流渐趋消失,西北取代东北成为非沿海区域新的人口引力中心;以秦岭－淮河线东段和黑河－腾冲线南段为界,人口迁移分裂为东南和西北两大“流域”。就业迁移的优势程度在进一步加大,市场取代计划成为人口和人才流动的第一动力;婚姻迁移的主流方向是西南贫困山区指向华东农村,形成了西南“喀斯特新娘输出区”。
丁金宏, 刘振宇, 程丹明, 刘瑾, 邹建平 . 中国人口迁移的区域差异与流场特征[J]. 地理学报, 2005 , 60(1) : 106 -114 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200501012
The authors analyzed migration data of 2000 Census and discovered the areal differentiations of migration rates and the migration flow fields for different reasons in contemporary China. Internal migration in China reached a new era of high activity and high capability. The unbalance of migration rates among east, middle and west belts has been enforced gradually, proving that the "mid-belt subsiding" is a phenomena of society as well as economy. Within the three typical flow patterns, both convergence and radial migration pattern have developed which made the Peal River Delta a powerful convergence center, while convection between Northeast China and Shandong is disappearing. The Northwest is replacing Northeast as a new attractive area. If divided by Qinling-Huaihe and Heihe-Tengchong combined natural with human geographical lines, the migration field in China breaks into two "flow basins" of Southeast and Northwest. Priority of employment is getting greater in migration and market replacing planning acts the first driven force to migration and talent flow. The marriage migration directs mainly from southwest mountainous area to eastern rural area, which creates a "karst bride source" in Southwest China.
Key words： migration; areal differentiation; flow fields pattern; China
[1] Zhou Yi. The status and countermeasure of the population floating in China. Sociology Research, 1998, (3): 83-91.
[周毅. 中国人口流动的现状和对策. 社会学研究, 1998, (3): 83-91.]
[2] Ding Jinhong, Yang Hongyan, Yang Jie et al. The characteristics of and social control on floating population crime in Shanghai: a study based on news data. Population Research, 2001, 25(6): 53-58.
[丁金宏, 杨鸿燕, 杨杰 等. 上海流动人口犯罪的特征及其社会控制--透过新闻资料的分析. 人口研究, 2001, 25(6): 53-58.]
[3] Liu Chuanjiang. The characteristics of the floating population and family planning management in China. Journal of Nanjing College for Population Programme Management, 1998, 14(3): 6-9.
[刘传江. 中国流动人口的特征及其计划生育管理. 南京人口管理干部学院学报, 1998, 14(3): 6-9.]
[4] Xiushi Yang. The fertility impact of temporary migration in China: a detachment hypothesis. European Journal of Population, 2000, 16: 163-183.
[5] Zheng Qingsi, A Anderson, Dong Huijie et al. The floating population of China and HIV/AIDS. China Sanitary Affair Management, 2001, (6): 366-367.
[郑庆斯, A Anderson, 董惠洁 等. 中国流动人口与 HIV/ AIDS. 中国卫生事业管理, 2001, (6): 366-367.]
[6] Wang Guixin. On relationship between areal differentiation of economic development and migration in China. Population and Economics, 1997, (1): 50-56.
[王桂新. 中国区域经济发展水平及差异与人口迁移关系之研究. 人口与经济, 1997, (1): 50-56.]
[7] Chen Weichun. A positive study on population moving in China: Todaro Model. Economics Frontier, 2001, (12): 39-41.
[陈蔚纯. 用托达罗模型对中国人口流动的实证简析. 经济学前沿, 2001, (12): 39-41.]
[8] Duan Chengrong. A study on influencing factors of destination choosing in inter-provincial migration. Population Research, 2001, 25(1): 56-61.
[段成荣. 省际人口迁移迁入地选择的影响因素分析. 人口研究, 2001, 25(1): 56-61.]
[9] Rayer S, Brown D L. Geographic diversity of inter-county migration in the United States, 1980-1995. Population Research and Policy Review, 2001, 20: 229-252.
[10] Happel S K, Hogan T D. Counting snowbirds: the importance of and the problems with estimating seasonal populations. Population Research and Policy Review, 2002, 21: 227-240.
[11] Ding Jinhong. A study on the characteristics of inter-provincial migration fields by reasons. Population Research, 1994, 18(1): 14-21.
[丁金宏. 中国省际人口迁移原因别流场特征探析. 人口研究, 1994, 18(1): 14-21.]
[12] Wang Guixin. The areal pattern of inter-provincial migration and its changes since China's economic reform. Population and Economics, 2000, (3): 8-22.
[王桂新. 中国经济体制改革以来省际人口迁移区域模式及其变化. 人口与经济, 2000, (3): 8-22.]
[13] Jiaosheng He, Jim Pooler. The regional concentration of China's interprovincial migration flows, 1982-90. Population and Environment, 2002, 24(2): 149-182.
[14] Zhu Chuangeng, Gu Chaolin, Ma Ronghua et al. Factors influencing migration and their spatial distribution in China: spatial self-interrelation analysis. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2001, 56(5): 549-560.
[朱传耿, 顾朝林, 马荣华 等. 中国流动人口的影响要素与空间分布——流动人口空间自相关分析. 地理学报, 2001, 56(5): 549-560.]
[15] Census Office of State Council, Population and Social Statistical Section of State Statistics Bureau. 2000 Census Data of China (3 volumes). Beijing : China Statistics Press, 2002. 1797, 1889, 1898.
[国务院人口普查办公室, 国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司. 中国2000年人口普查资料 (共3册). 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2002. 1797, 1889, 1898.]
[16] Census Office of State Council, Population Statistical Section of State Statistics Bureau. 1990 Census Data of China (4 volumes). Beijing: China Statistics Press, 1993. 1-21, 72, 502, 513.
[国务院人口普查办公室, 国家统计局人口统计司. 中国1990年人口普查资料 (共4册). 北京: 中国统计出版社, 1993. 1-21, 72, 502, 513.]
[17] Census Office of State Council, Population and Social Statistical Section of National Bureau of Statistics. 2000 Census Data of China (3 volumes)
[CD].
[Permitted Using]
[国务院人口普查办公室, 国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司. 中国2000年人口普查1‰数据
[CD].
[特别提供]. 2002.]
[18] Zhou Shaosen et al. On the Up-Rising of Midland in China. Beijing: China Economics Press, 2003.
[周绍森等. 论中国中部崛起. 北京: 中国经济出版社, 2003.]
[19] Hu Huanyong. Population distrbution of China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1935, 2(2). From Collections of Hu Huanyong on Population Geography. Shanghai: East China Normal University Press, 1990. 39-81.
[胡焕庸. 中国人口之分布. 地理学报, 1935, 2(2). 转引自《 胡焕庸人口地理选集 》. 上海: 华东师范大学出版社, 1990. 39-81.]
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |