长江三角洲地区可持续发展的态势与对策
收稿日期: 2004-09-22
修回日期: 2005-01-18
网络出版日期: 2005-05-25
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目 (40201014); 江苏省自然科学基金项目 (BK2004164)
Situation and Suggestions of Sustainable Development in the Yangtze River Delta
Received date: 2004-09-22
Revised date: 2005-01-18
Online published: 2005-05-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40201014; Natural Science Fund of Jiangsu Province, No.BK2004164
长江三角洲自20世纪90年代以来经济发展非常迅速, 在全国的地位不断上升, 且其产业结构也在逐步改善。外商投资在该区异常活跃, 投资规模越来越大, 2003年实际利用外资占全国的比例已达45.55%。该地区还是我国区域经济合作发展实施进程较快、力度较大、政府重视程度较高的地区。但长江三角洲在发展中仍存在不少问题, 如引进外资的整体层次不高、耕地流失严重且建设用地的集约化程度较低、能源缺口较大、交通运输紧张及生态环境恶化等。长江三角洲地区目前虽然出现了这些问题, 但不能由此而限制它的发展, 要充分利用长江三角洲有利的区位优势, 走可持续发展道路, 在发展中解决问题。具体应该做到要切实明确长江三角洲在全国区域经济分工中的地位, 在提高产业发展层次的同时, 不可放松对劳动密集型产业的发展, 并以科学发展观为指导, 加强土地资源和能源的管理, 加速环境保护和生态修复工作的进程。
王志宪, 虞孝感, 徐科峰, 林康 . 长江三角洲地区可持续发展的态势与对策[J]. 地理学报, 2005 , 60(3) : 381 -391 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200503004
The Yangtze River Delta has developed very fast since the 1990s. Its status ascends rapidly. Its GDP accounted for 12.53% of China in 1990 and increased to 19.45% in 2003. Since the 1980s, the courses of integrations in the Yangtze River Delta have been accelerated because of contacts among the enterprises and cooperations among the governments of different cities. The stage of omnibearing substantially associated development has started. However there are also some problems in the process of development. The whole level of FDI is not so high though it is large on scale. Farmland loss is serious in the region, for example, 300 thousand hectares of farmland were used for other purposes from 1990 to 2003, and the intensive degree of land in construction is lower. There is shortage in energy supply such as electrical insufficiency reaching 7.76 billion kilowatts in Jiangsu Province in 2002. Ecological environment is deteriorative, the pollution of water and atmosphere is very serious and geological disasters are also increasing. The water quality of stream channel and lakes in the Yangtze River Delta is type IV or V because of containing too much COD, BOD, N and P, except the water quality of the sources of the Yangtze River and Qiantang River, some reservoirs, and most parts of Taihu Lake, which belong to types II-III and can be perceived as drinking water source. In view of the level of industry, a considerable part of the Yangtze River Delta still needs to develop labor-intensive industries. So it is necessary to reinforce the development of labor-intensive industries while improving the level of industrial development in the Yangtze River Delta in the future. In order to keep healthy sustainable development of society and economy and keep consistency with the national goal of development, we must confirm the status of the Yangtze River Delta in regional economy and make a reasonable orientation of city function at first.
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