近20年中国耕地复种指数的时空变化
收稿日期: 2004-12-30
修回日期: 2005-03-29
网络出版日期: 2005-07-25
基金资助
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (2002CB412507); 国家自然科学基金重点项目 (90202002)
Remotely Sensed Multiple Cropping Index Variations in China during 1981-2000
Received date: 2004-12-30
Revised date: 2005-03-29
Online published: 2005-07-25
Supported by
National Basic Research Program of China, No.2002CB412507; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.90202002
多熟种植是中国重要的种植制度,对保障国家食物安全和促进农村经济发展有十分重要的意义。复种指数受自然条件和农村社会状况的影响处于不断变化之中,及时获取其变化信息是国家食物安全评估和农业发展科学决策的基础。近年来对食物安全的研究集中于耕地面积变化的影响,对复种指数变化及其影响的研究较少。作物种植面积和复种指数变化的估计一直以行政区划为单元的统计数据为基础,但获得这些数据费时费力,时效性和可靠性都比较差,更缺乏准确的空间和时间变化信息。卫星遥感是探测大尺度土地覆被格局实时变化的最有效手段,因此可以作为获取全国和区域尺度作物复种指数变化信息的重要途径。作者应用多时相NOAA/AVHRR遥感观测数据和峰值特征点检测法提取全国尺度的复种指数,并分析其从20世纪80年代初到90年代末的变化。结果表明全国复种指数整体增加,但在珠江三角洲、长江中下游、四川盆地丘陵山地以及山东丘陵等地区有所降低。复种指数下降的耕地占全国总面积15%左右。在四川盆地和黄淮海区,复种指数在平原地区有所增加或保持稳定,下降多发生在丘陵山地,但在长江中下游和华南精耕细作地区出现复种指数降低的趋势。
闫慧敏, 刘纪远, 曹明奎 . 近20年中国耕地复种指数的时空变化[J]. 地理学报, 2005 , 60(4) : 559 -566 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200504004
Multiple cropping system is essential to Chinese agriculture, which can significantly increase grain yield and promote agricultural economic development. Multiple Cropping Index is fluctuating year by year due to the changing natural conditions and rural social status, so, it is very important to get the change information in time for food security assessment and scientific decision on agricultural development and planning. The discussions about food security in recent years mostly focused on the peril caused by decreased cropland area, whereas neglected the loss of actual sown area due to Multiple Cropping Index decrease. As the only data source for sown area or MCI change assessment on national scale, statistical data not only is time-lagged and poor in creditability but also lack spatially explicit description. In this study, we extract multiple cropping information from 8 km 10-day composite AVHRR/NDVI time series images according to the phenological metrics and farmland practice temporal features, and then analyze MCI changes from the 1980s to the 1990s. This study shows that China's MCI increase as a whole, but 15% of cropland area has suffered MCI decrease that is mainly distributed in the Zhujiang River Delta in South China, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, hilly area of Sichuan Basin and Shandong hilly area of Huang-Huai-Hai region. In the Sichuan Basin and the Huang-Huai-Hai region, the MCI decreased croplands are mostly distributed in hilly area, while MCI of cropland in plain area increase or keep stable.
Key words： remote sensing; cropping system; Multiple Cropping Index; China
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