高寒植被类型及其植物生产力的监测
收稿日期: 2003-09-16
修回日期: 2003-11-20
网络出版日期: 2004-01-25
基金资助
中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX1-SW-01-01A5)；国家973 计划项目 (2002CB412501)；亚太地区环境创新战略计划(APEIS)项目
Integrated Monitoring of Alpine Vegetation Types and its Primary Production
Received date: 2003-09-16
Revised date: 2003-11-20
Online published: 2004-01-25
Supported by
Knowledge Innovation Project of CAS, No. KZCX1-SW-01-01A5; The National 973 Program, No.2002CB412501; The Asia-Pacific Environmental Innovation Strategy Project (ASEIS), NIES, Japan
监测并分析了高寒草甸二种不同植被类型的生态环境条件、植物种类组成、生物量变化规律及其差异。研究表明：距离相近且海拔高度基本相同的矮蒿草草甸和金露梅灌丛草甸二种群落内部，由于受地形部位影响，虽然降水基本相同，但地表受热及蒸发量不同，土壤湿度存在明显差异。受上述环境条件特别是受土壤温湿度条件的限制，二种群落内的植物种类不同，地下、地上生物量的变化也不同，一般在山地阴坡主要分布着以金露梅灌丛为优势种外，多以线叶蒿草、小蒿草、羊茅、及其它杂草类为伴生种的金露梅灌丛草甸植被类型，而主要分布于滩地的矮蒿草草甸多以垂穗披碱草等植物为伴生种的湿中性植被类型，属典型的高寒草甸植被类型。生物量监测结果的比较分析表明，群落的地上生物量为：矮蒿草草甸 > 金露梅灌丛草甸；地下生物量随植被类型的不同，其峰值与谷值出现时间不一致。年内地下净生产量为：金露梅灌丛草甸 > 矮蒿草草甸。地下生产量周转值为：矮蒿草草甸 > 金露梅灌丛草甸。
李英年,王勤学,古松,伏玉玲,杜明远,赵亮,赵新全,于贵瑞 . 高寒植被类型及其植物生产力的监测[J]. 地理学报, 2004 , 59(1) : 40 -48 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200401005
In this paper, species composition, biomass change pattern and differences of 2 types of alpine vegetations in the northeastern part of Qinghai were analyzed. Monitoring results showed that there were significant differences in soil humidity moisture and evaporation between Kobresia humilis meadow and Potentilla fruticosa shrub which grew in the same regions with similar altitudes and precipitation but different topography. The species constitute 2 types of alpine vegetations which are different due to limitations of environmental factors, especially soil temperature and moisture. With respect to the general biogeography of the region, the Potentilla fruticosa shrubs, dominated by Potentilla fruticosa and accompanied with Kobresia capillifolia, Kobresia pygmaes, Festuca ovina and some forbs, are found on the northern slopes. The Kobresia humilis meadows, typical alpine meadow dominated by Kobresia humilis and accompanied with Elymus mutans, are widely distributed along the valley floor. The above-ground biomass of Kobresia humilis meadow is greater than that of Potentilla fruticosa shrub. As for underground biomass (0-40 cm), both types of vegetations maintained relatively great values during the period from May to September, but the occurrence time of its peak value and the lowest value differs from each other for the 2 types of vegetations. The annual net underground production of Potentilla fruticosa shrub is greater than that of Kobresia humilis meadow, whereas, the turnover value of underground production of Kobresia humilis meadow is greater than that of Potentilla fruticosa shrub.
Key words： alpine meadow; vegetation type; biomass; soil temperature; soil moisture; Haibei
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