西苕溪流域不同土地类型下氮元素输移过程
收稿日期: 2002-02-21
修回日期: 2002-04-08
网络出版日期: 2002-07-25
基金资助
中国科学院知识创新工程项目 (KZCX2-310-04-01) 和国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G1999045710)。
Nitrogen Elements Transferring Processes and Fluxes under Different Land Use in West Tiaoxi Catchment
Received date: 2002-02-21
Revised date: 2002-04-08
Online published: 2002-07-25
Supported by
Knowledge Innovation Project of CAS, No. KZCX2-310-04-01; the National Key Basic Research Project of China, No. G1999045710
以西苕溪流域为研究对象,选择最有代表性的5种土地类型,模拟天然大暴雨,通过3次重复实验研究不同形态氮素随暴雨径流及径流沉积物的迁移过程,估算氮素在流域内不同土地利用/土地覆被条件下的损失率。研究结果表明,在相同的降雨条件下,氮素的流失速率和流失量随土地利用/土地覆被类型的不同表现出明显差异,地表径流水相总氮的流失量桑林最大,水田最小。水相不同形态的氮素流失量亦有所不同,悬浮颗粒态氮占地表径流水相总氮的70 %~90 %,水相溶解态氮的流失量以松林为最高,竹林、桑林和水田接近而且较低,不同类型的水相溶解态氮也随土地利用类型的不同表现出各自的特征。各土地类型单位面积、表层10 cm土壤氮素流失高达4.66~9.40 gm-2,其中随径流沉积物相迁移的氮素占绝大部分(90 % 以上)。估算出的各土地利用类型总氮流失速率,地表径流水相为2.68~14.48 mgm-2min-1,径流沉积物相高达100.01~172.67 mgm-2min-1。
梁涛,张秀梅,章申,于兴修,王浩 . 西苕溪流域不同土地类型下氮元素输移过程[J]. 地理学报, 2002 , 57(4) : 389 -396 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200204002
As the main topic of global environmental change, researches on land use/land cover change (LUCC) have been extensively carried out. Effects of land use/land cover changes on regional ecological environment were one of the top concerns recently. By affecting regional material cycling and energy flows, LUCC has great impact on regional climate, soil, rainfall, and water quality. The study of the influences of LUCC on regional environment, especially on process and flux of nutrient elements and heavy metals in catchment scale, is significant to raise and draw up land use polices in accordance with sustainable development strategies. In this study, five typical land covers in West Tiaoxi catchment were studied on nitrogen loss in artificial rainstorm runoff. Triple duplication experiments have been carried out under the artificial rain condition with an intensity of 2 mmin-1 and lasting 32 minutes in a 3 m2 field. Transportation and flux of various species of nitrogen in runoff and sediment were investigated. The results show that nitrogen loss amount and rate are quite different among five kinds of land covers. The loss of total nitrogen in runoff of mulberry is the largest and that of paddy field is the smallest. Particle nitrogen accounts for 70%~90% of total nitrogen in runoff of various kinds of land covers. Loss of dissolved nitrogen in pine trees is much higher than the other kinds of land covers, which are similar among them. More detailed species of dissolved nitrogen show their respective features among various land covers. Total amounts of nitrogen loss from top 10 cm layer of 5 kinds of soils are estimated as high as 4.66-9.40 gm-2, of which nitrogen loss through sediment of runoff accounts for more than 90%. The rate of total nitrogen loss ranges in 2.68-14.48 mgm-2min-1 in runoff, which is much lower than that of 100.01-172.67 mgm-2min-1 in sediment of runoff.
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