中国沙漠、沙地及砾质戈壁现状的遥感研究
收稿日期: 2002-10-20
修回日期: 2002-12-02
网络出版日期: 2002-12-25
基金资助
中国科学院知识创新项目 (KZCX1-Y-02)
The Status Quo of Sandy Desert, Sandy Land and Gravel Gobi in China: Analyzed by Remote Sensing Technique
Received date: 2002-10-20
Revised date: 2002-12-02
Online published: 2002-12-25
Supported by
Knowledge Innovation Project of CAS, No. KZCX1-Y-02
根据一系例地表景观指征将沙漠、沙地分为流动、半流动、半固定和固定四种类型。据此标准以TM影像为信息源，在全数字方式下运用遥感技术与地理信息系统技术结合建立了我国1:10万比例尺的砾质戈壁和沙漠、沙地空间数据库。通过分析得出: 2000年全国有砾质戈壁387,347km2，有沙漠、沙地1,242,301 km2, 其主要以流动沙 (丘) 地为主，占41.46 %；其次是半流动和半固定沙(丘)地，分别占24.21 % 和20.38 %；固定沙 (丘) 地最少，仅占13.94 %。全国沙漠、沙地分布在28个省区的719个县市的不同生物气候带，有62.33 % 分布在极干旱区，以流动与半流动类型为主；有21.94 % 分布在干旱区，固定半固定类型超过流动半流动类型之和。有8.78 % 分布在半干旱区，也以固定半固定类型为主。有6.78 % 分布在半湿润区，绝大部分是固定类型。有0.15 % 分布在湿润区，以固定半固定为主，但流动类型比例高于半流动与半固定类型。
颜长珍,王一谋,冯毓荪,王建华,祁元 . 中国沙漠、沙地及砾质戈壁现状的遥感研究[J]. 地理学报, 2002 , 57(7s) : 120 -126 . DOI: 10.11821/xb20027s018
According to a series of landscape indexes the sandy desert and sandy land were classified into four types as shifting, semi-shiftng, semi-fixed, and fixed. Through interpreting TM images in 2000, the database of sandy desert and sandy land of China was established at a scale of 1:100,000 by remote sensing and geographical system techniques. And based on analyzing the database, the following points can be concluded. (1) There were 38,734,730 ha of gravel Gobi and 124,230,119 ha of sandy sesert and sandy land in China in 2000. (2) The shifting type occupied 41.46% of the total sandy desert and sandy land in China, the semi-shifting 24.21%, the semi-fixed 20.38%, and fixed only 13.94%. (3) Sandy desert and sandy land were distributed in different bioclimatic zones of 719 counties or cities in 28 provinces or autonomous regions, where 62.33% were distributed in extremely arid zone with shifting and semi-shifting types in domination; 21.94% distrbuted in arid zone with fixed and semi-fixed types exceeding the sum of shifting and semi-shifting types; 8.78% of them distributed in semi-arid zone having fixed and semi-fixed also as main types; 6.78% distributed in semi-humid zone with greatest part being fixed and semi-fixed types; and 0.15% of them distributed in humid zone, having fixed and semi-fixed as the main types with shifting type exceeding semi-shifting and semi-fixed types.
Key words： sandy desert; sandy land; gravel Gobi; remote sensing analysis
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