人口与环境空间分析

中国西北干旱区沙尘暴物质源地的遥感估算

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  • 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州 730000
颜长珍 (1967-), 甘肃人, 博士。主要从事遥感与地理信息系统应用及沙漠化监测等领域研究。E-mail: yanzztt@public.lz.gs.cn

收稿日期: 2002-10-20

  修回日期: 2002-12-02

  网络出版日期: 2002-12-25

基金资助

中国科学院知识创新项目 (KZCX1-Y-02)

Estimate of Sand-dust Material Source Area in Northwest China by Remote Sensing

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  • Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received date: 2002-10-20

  Revised date: 2002-12-02

  Online published: 2002-12-25

Supported by

Knowledge Innovation Project of CAS, No. KZCX1-Y-02

摘要

以中国西北地区2000年的TM影像为信息源,在全数字方式下运用遥感技术与地理信息系统技术结合建立了西北地区沙尘暴物质源地数据库。通过分析得出: 2000年全区有沙尘暴源区196,165,449 hm2,占总土地面积的63.66 %。在冬春季全区有沙尘物质源地139×108 hm2,占沙尘暴源区面积的70.66 %,其中强度和弱度沙尘物质源地的面积所占比例总体相近,相比较而言全区供尘物质的面积大于供沙物质的面积。沙尘物质源地夏秋季比冬春季减少5.90 %。

本文引用格式

颜长珍,王一谋,冯毓荪,王建华,祁元 . 中国西北干旱区沙尘暴物质源地的遥感估算[J]. 地理学报, 2002 , 57(7s) : 107 -112 . DOI: 10.11821/xb20027s016

Abstract

Sand-dust storms occurred frequently in Northwest China in recent years. In order to forecast and prevent sand-dust storm occurrence, it is important to analyze the extent, magnitude and spatial distribution of sand-dust material source area. Aeolian erosion takes place on the bare surface of loosen material in arid and semi-arid regions, including cultivated land, low coverage grassland, sandy land, gravel Gobi, salinized land, and nude clay land. By using digital method of remote sensing and geographical information system techniques, TM images of the year 2000 have been interpreted to establish the database of sand-dust material source area in Northwest China. Based on studies and analysis of these databases, the following conclusions can be obtained: (1) In 2000, sand-dust material source area covers 138,612,007 ha in winter and spring, and 130,427,035 ha in summer and autumn. (2) In sand-dust storm source area, only 34.71% of land is used or usable, and the grassland occupies a large part of it. (3) In sand-dust storm source area, the strong aeolian land is almost equal to the weak aeolian land, and the extent related to dust is greater than that to sand. (4) The countermeasures are mainly to encourage farmers to spread straw on the land after harvesting until next planting season. The straw can protect the cultivated land effectively from aeolian erosion and keep the winter snow from freezing on these farmlands. (5) With the decreasing of water resources, cultivation practice in sand-dust material source area should be restrained to prevent the land from being aeolian eroded.

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