塔里木河流域冰川变化及其对水资源影响
收稿日期: 2006-01-08
修回日期: 2006-02-27
网络出版日期: 2006-05-25
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目 (90202013; 40371026); 中国科学院知识创新工程项目 (KZCX3-SW-345; KZCX3-SW-339); 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所创新前沿项目 (2004102)
Impact of the Glacial Change on Water Resources in the Tarim River Basin
Received date: 2006-01-08
Revised date: 2006-02-27
Online published: 2006-05-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.90202013; No.40371026; Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.KZCX3-SW-345; No.KZCX3-SW-339; Knowledge Innovation Project of CAREERI, CAS, No. 2004102
刘时银, 丁永建, 张勇, 上官冬辉, 李晶, 韩海东, 王建, 谢昌卫 . 塔里木河流域冰川变化及其对水资源影响[J]. 地理学报, 2006 , 61(5) : 482 -490 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200605004
The Tarim River Basin, a river system converged by nine source tributaries, is the mostly glacierised watershed in the arid northwest China, where there are 11665 glaciers with a total area of 19878 km2 and a volume of 2313 km3. Glaciers in the basin play a significant role in the water resource formation and variations. An estimation indicated that glaciers provide meltwater of about 133×108 m3 every year, taking 39% of the total river runoff. With the influence of global warming, northwest China has experienced a general warming and drying change of climate since the mid-19th century. However, a so-called “warm and wet transition” of climate in the region has occurred since the late 1980s, exhibiting as an increase both in precipitation and outlet discharge in Xinjiang and neighborhood regions. This paper attempts to reveal how glaciers in the Tarim River Basin response to such a warming and wetting change and what impact glacier changes exert. We analyzed the variations of more than 3000 glaciers since the 1960s by applying topographical maps, high resolution satellite images and aerial photos for the river basin. Results indicate that glaciers in the basin has been mostly in retreat in recent 40 years, and the ice wastage have significantly influenced the variations of water resources in the Tarim River Basin.
Key words： Tarim River; glacier change; water resources; satellite remote sensing
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