NCEP/NCAR 再分析资料在珠穆朗玛峰 —念青唐古拉山脉气象研究中的可信性
收稿日期: 2006-11-12
修回日期: 2006-12-20
网络出版日期: 2007-03-25
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(40501015); 中国科学院知识创新工程重点项目(KZCX3-SW-344); 国家自然科学基 金(90411003) 共同资助
Reliability of NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Data on Mount Qomolangma and Western Nyainqentanglha Range
Received date: 2006-11-12
Revised date: 2006-12-20
Online published: 2007-03-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40501015; Knowledge Innovation Project of CAS, No.KZCX3-SW-344; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.90411003
由于珠穆朗玛峰- 念青唐古拉山脉极高山区特殊的自然环境, 这一带的气象观测资料极其匮乏。2003 年在青藏高原南部念青唐古拉山脉(30o24'44.3"N, 90o34'13.1"E, 5850 m a.s. l.) 建立了自动气象站; 2005 年在珠穆朗玛峰北坡垭口(28o01'0.95"N, 86o57'48.4"E, 6523 m a.s.l.) 建立了自动气象站。利用这两自动气象站的观测资料与NCEP/NCAR 再分析资料进行对比, 检验NCEP/NCAR 再分析数据在喜马拉雅山脉—青藏高原南部一带的可行性。研究结果表明, NCEP/NCAR 再分析资料能够较好地反映气压和气温的天气尺度的变化。但是, 再分析的气压和气温值系统性低于相应观测值, 而且, 某种程度上, 低估了实际的变化幅度; 再分析天气事件, 在珠穆朗玛峰地区, 超前于实际观测一日发生, 而在念青唐古拉地区, 基本上是与观测事件同一日发生。由于受相似大气环流的影响, 珠峰和念青两者之间的观测资料、再分析资料都高度相关。
关键词： 珠穆朗玛峰; 念青唐古拉山脉; NCEP/NCAR; 喜马拉雅山脉—青藏高原
谢爱红, 秦大河, 任贾文, 秦翔, 康世昌, 蒋友严 . NCEP/NCAR 再分析资料在珠穆朗玛峰 —念青唐古拉山脉气象研究中的可信性[J]. 地理学报, 2007 , 62(3) : 268 -278 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200703004
Mount Qomolangma , the highest peak on Earth, is often referred to as the third pole of the globe. The Nyainqentanglha is one of the closest remote parts of mountain range north to the Himalayas. As such the two places are relatively inaccessible on the southern Tibetan Plateau and little is known about their meteorology. In 2003, an auto weather station was deployed at the north col of western Nyainqentanglha (WNQ) range (30o24'44.3"N, 90o34'13.1"E, 5850 m a.s.l.). In 2005, the other station was operated at the north col of Mount Qomolangma (28o01'0.95"N, 86o57'48.4"E, 6523 m a.s.l.). We believe that these represent the high elevation at which continuous weather data have never been collected and thus are valuable datasets with which to investigate the meteorology of the high altitude southern Tibetan Plateau. In this paper, we compare the observations with the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis, in order to understand the reliability of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data on Mount Qomolangma and Nyainqentanglha Range. We find that the reanalysis captures much of the synoptic-scale variability in temperature and pressure, although the reanalysis values are systematically lower than the observations. Furthermore, most of the variability magnitude is, to some extent, underestimated. In addition, the weather event extracted from the NCEP/NCAR reanalyzed pressure and temperature prominently appears one-day lead to that from the observational data on Mount Qomolangma , while on the WNQ range it frequently occurs on the same day and there is no obvious lead or lag. Influenced by the same atmosphere circulation, Mount Qomolangma and the WNQ range have close correlations both in the observational data and reanalyzed data.
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