地学信息图谱的理论和方法
收稿日期: 2001-06-25
修回日期: 2001-07-16
网络出版日期: 2001-12-25
基金资助
中国科学院知识创新工程领域前沿项目(CXIOG-D001-01);国家自然科学基金项目(49801017)
Researchon the Theory and Method of Geo-Info-TUPU
Received date: 2001-06-25
Revised date: 2001-07-16
Online published: 2001-12-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 498017;Knowledge Innovation Item of CAS, No. CXIOG-D001-01
首先阐述了地学信息图谱的科学概念及其内涵界定,即从“谱”到“图谱”再到“地学图谱”,最终引出“地学信息图谱”的定义、特点及其关键科学问题。随后阐述了地学信息图谱的理论基础和标准化模式,说明地学信息图谱的理论基础有地学基础、认知基础和地学信息机理3个方面;地学信息图谱的标准化模式包括标准式样和组成结构、分类标准、提炼模式、建模标准、集成和应用模式等。在此基础上,进一步研究了地学信息图谱的归纳和提炼方法,说明了其一般步骤,并着重强调了人工目视归纳和提炼、GIS和RS工具辅助归纳和提炼、全自动化归纳和提炼等反映地学信息图谱研究水平由低到高的3种不同层次的归纳和提炼方法。再次,介绍了知识创新工程领域前沿项目“地学信息图谱”在区域和中国地学信息图谱研究方面的进展,包括区域尺度的黄土高原地貌形态与土壤侵蚀信息图谱、中国宏观尺度的水网信息图谱和综合景观信息图谱等内容。最后,展望了地学信息图谱对地球科学和地球信息科学的发展的推动意义,分析了它在地学中应用前景。
齐清文, 池天河 . 地学信息图谱的理论和方法[J]. 地理学报, 2001 , 56(7s) : 8 -18 . DOI: 10.11821/xb20017s002
Geo-info-TUPU was raised as a scientific subject when Geo-System Science and Geo-information Science met with challenges and was driven to the innovation in theory, methodology, technology, product as well as application. This paper expounds at first the authors understanding of Geo-info-TUPU, i.e, from Pu (series) to TUPU (graphic series) and then to Geo-TUPU (geo-science map & graphics series), and then induces to Geo-info-TUPU. The definition, feature and key problems of Geo-info-TUPU is also related. Secondly, the authors describe the theoretic bases, standards & models of Geo-info-TUPU, in which the theoretic bases include Geo-science bases, cognition bases and Geo-information mechanism, and Geo-info-TUPU standards & models include its typical style and structure, category criteria, extraction models, modeling standards, integrating & application. Thirdly, the inducing & extracting methods are discussed, with three methods as human manual inducing, GIS & RS tools aided extraction, and automated inducing & extraction being emphasized. These three methods also present Geo-info-TUPU through three levels as primary, medium and higher. Fourthly, the authors explain the development of our knowledge innovation key project, respectively in the spatial dimension of regional Geo-info-TUPU, taking the demographic Info-TUPU and soil erosion Info-TUPU as sample theme, and the dimension of the whole country's Geo-info-TUPU, taking China's hydrology network Info-TUPU and comprehensive landscape Info-TUPU as main theme. Finally, the significance and application method of Geo-info-TUPU for Geo-system-Science and Geo-information Science is concluded.
Key words： Geo-info-TUPU; geo-information science; theory and method
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