新疆地质遗迹的分布特征与保护开发
收稿日期: 2005-07-17
修回日期: 2006-01-10
网络出版日期: 2006-03-25
基金资助
新疆维吾尔自治区资源补偿费专项项目 (2004046)
The Distribution and Protection of the Geological Heritages in Xinjiang
Received date: 2005-07-17
Revised date: 2006-01-10
Online published: 2006-03-25
Supported by
Special Project of the Resources Compensation of Xinjiang, No.2004046
国际、国内地质遗迹保护的发展反映出地质遗迹保护理念从单一保护到保护与开发相协调的演进,联合国教科文组织建立的地质公园将地质遗迹保护与促进地方经济可持续发展紧密结合起来,成为地质遗迹保护的最佳途径。新疆地质遗迹数量大、类型齐、等级优,复杂的地质地貌环境,造就和控制了新疆地质遗迹的类型和空间分布,主要类型为地质地貌景观和水体景观,空间分布可划分为阿尔泰、准噶尔、天山、塔里木、昆仑－阿尔金5个区,其中天山区和昆仑－阿尔金区是新疆最重要的地质遗迹区。基于首次全疆地质遗迹系统调研,指出新疆滞后的地质遗迹保护现状的根本致因是保护与开发协调性差,确定保护类型－形式－模式－级别－时序－分区六大保护步骤,提出地质公园和地质遗迹保护区及其他保护地相结合的复合型保护模式优选思路和5个优选模式,并据此建立针对新疆209个重要地质遗迹的保护开发备选名录。
黄松 . 新疆地质遗迹的分布特征与保护开发[J]. 地理学报, 2006 , 61(3) : 227 -240 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200603001
The development of protection on geological heritage reflects the gradual progress at home and abroad from the protection alone to coordination of protection and exploitation. In the geopark construction by UNESCO, geological heritage protection was closely combined with promotion of sustainable development of local economy, which has become the best way to protect the geological heritage. The geological heritages in Xinjiang are great in quantity, vary in type and excellent in grade. The complicated geologic-geomorphic environment decided the type and spatial distribution of the geological heritages in Xinjiang, where the main types are geologic/geomorpohologic landscapes and water landforms. The spatial distribution can be divided into five geological heritage provinces, i.e., the Altai, Zhunggar, Tianshan, Tarim and Kunlun-Altun, among which Tianshan and Kunlun-Altun are most important. According to the first systematical investigation of the geological heritage in Xinjiang, it is confirmed that poor coordination between protection and development is the basic reason for the falling behind situation in geological heritage protection. Six major protection steps are identified, that is, protection type, protection form, protection mode, protection grade, protection priority scheduling and protection zoning. At the same time the optimal-selection thought, which integrates geopark with geological heritage protection area and other dependent territories as well as five modes are put forward. Therefore, the protection and development reserve list of 209 important geological heritages in Xinjiang is constructed.
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