基于农户土地利用行为的北京大兴区耕地质量评价
收稿日期: 2007-10-18
修回日期: 2008-05-28
网络出版日期: 2008-08-25
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(70573111); 国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD05B03-6)
Arable Land Evaluation Based on the Household Land Use Behavior in Daxing District of Beijing
Received date: 2007-10-18
Revised date: 2008-05-28
Online published: 2008-08-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.70573111; The National Key Technology R&D Program, No. 2006BAD05B03-6
基于农户土地利用行为变化的相关理论, 创建了基于农户土地利用行为的“压力—状态—效应—响应”的耕地质量变化框架模型, 构建了基于农户土地利用行为的“耕地质量评 价指标体系”。以北京市大兴区为研究样区, 通过农户调查和土壤化验分析, 获得大兴区1982 年、2000 和2006 年的农户土地利用和土壤肥力变化数据。依据构建的耕地质量评价指 标体系, 对三个时期的压力、状态、效应和响应指标进行了研究。结果表明: 1982 年到2006 年, 耕地压力指数由63.19 增加到73.57, 又减少到67.85, 而方差从13.92 增加到41.12, 到 2006 年高达58.59, 同时耕地压力指数空间变异性增加; 耕地状态指数从56.52 增加到76.46, 最后达到81.20, 状态指数方差从58.39 增加到111.42, 2006 年达到209.45, 空间变异性增 加; 耕地效应指数从42.39 增大到64.34, 2006 年与2000 年基本持平, 而耕地效应指数方差 和空间变异性增加。1982 年家庭联产责任制刚刚开始, 农户耕地投入差异不明显; 1982-2000 年家庭联产承包责任制的深入, 农户耕地利用差异性增加, 国家的农业基础设施投入也显著提高, 是耕地效应指数整体增加和空间变异性增大的原因; 2000-2006 年农户的土地利用目标转型, 土地投入差异进一步扩大, 导致耕地质量提高幅度降低, 耕地质量的空间差异性进一步增强。为了促进耕地质量整体提高, 需要进行土地产权机制创新, 以促进土地投入水平的整体均衡增加。
孔祥斌, 刘灵伟, 秦静 . 基于农户土地利用行为的北京大兴区耕地质量评价[J]. 地理学报, 2008 , 63(8) : 856 -868 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200808007
Due to the large food need, arable land quality is very im portant in China, so how to evaluate its quality has been studied by many researchers. How ever, different regions of China are at different stages of development with different land use objectives. The first is yield maximization stage, and the household land use objective is to m eet fam ily food consum ption needs. The second is yield and profit optim ization stage, and the household land use objective is to m ake m ore profits on the basis of m eeting basic fam ily needs. The third is profit m axim ization stage, and profit is the only land use objective for the household. B ased on the theory of different developm ent stages and land use objectives, a "Pressure-Status-Effect-R esponse" m odel w as developed in this paper to evaluate arable land quality at household level. The arable land quality index system evaluation w as constructed according to the fram e of "PSER " and Daxing District of Beijing was taken as a case study area. The household questionnaire survey and soil survey w ere done to get the data about change of household land use and soil fertility. The indicator of Pressure, Status, Effect and R esponse w as studied based on the arable land index system . The result show ed that the arable land Pressure indicator increased from 63.19 in 1982 to 73.57 in 2000,and decreased from 73.57 in 2000 to 67.85 in 2006, the variance of arable land Pressure indicator increased from 13.92 in 1982 to 41.12 in 2000, and up to 58.59 in 2006; the Status indicator of arable land increased from 56.82 in 1982 to 76.46 in 2000 and up to 81.20 in 20006, the variance of arable land status indicator increased from 58.39 in 1982 to 111.42 in 2000 and up to 209.45 in 2006; the indicator of arable land effects increased from 42.39 in 1982 to 64.34 in 2000, but it w as stable in 2006.The arable land indicator change from 1982 to 2000 and 2006 show ed that the arable land quality w as affected by the governm ent policy, the governm ent introduced "the household responsibility system " policy to increase the household input level, due to the poor arable land quality before 1982; w ith the introduction of the household responsibility system , the arable land quality increased from 1982 to 2000, but the arable land quality variance increased because of the household land input difference; the arable land quality kept stable from 2000 to 2006, but arable land quality variance increased quickly. The new governm ent policy of the household land scale m ust be introduced to increase the arable land quality as general.
[1] X ing Shihe, H uang Ji, H uang H e et al. Q uality evaluation and rational use counterm easure of regional cultivated land. C hinese Journal of Soil Science.2003,34(1): 6-10.
[邢世和, 黄吉, 黄河等. 区域耕地质量评价与合理利用对策. 土壤 通报,2003,34(1): 6-10.]
[2] X ia Jianguo, Li Tingxuan et al. The application of the principal com ponent analysis m ethod in quality evaluation of cultivated land.Southw est C hina Journal of A gricultural Science.2000,13(3): 378-381.
[夏建国, 李廷轩等. 主成份分 析法在耕地质量评价中的应用. 西南农业学报,2000,13(3): 378-381.]
[3] W u B ingyu.D iscussions on the quality and grading of arable land: A case of Langqi Island.Journal of Fuzhou Teachers C ollege, 2000, 25(2): 87-90.
[吴炳玉. 试论区域耕地质量分等评价: 以琅岐岛为例. 闽江学院学报, 2000, 25(2): 87-90.]
[4] Liu X iuzhen, Li Zhihong et al. Study of m ethod of land quality evaluation. Journal of Shanxi A gricultural U niversity, 1995,15(1): 25-29.
[刘秀珍, 李志宏. 土地质量评价方法的探讨. 山西农业大学学报,1995,15(1): 25-29.]
[5] X u X ingpin,Jiang A ilin,Liu Y ingzhou.A pporach on definition of cultivated land and new evaluating m ethod of quality of cultivated land. Journal of H uazhong A gricultural U niversity (Social Science Edition), 1999, 31(1): 67-70.
[许兴频, 姜爱林, 刘瀛洲. 耕地概念的界定与耕地质量评价的新方法初探. 华中农业大学学报,1999,31(1): 67-70.]
[6] H e X in, LI Q iongfang. A pplication of M arkov m ethod in cultivated land quality dynam ic assessm ent. R esource D evelopm ent & M arket.2004,(1): 9-10.
[何鑫, 李琼芳. 马尔柯夫法在耕地质量动态评价中的应用. 资源开发与市 场,2004,(1): 9-10.]
[7] John L Pender, John M K err. D eterm inants of farm er's indigenous soil and w ater conservation investm ents in sem i-arid India.A gricultural Econom ics,1998,19: 113-125.
[8] O m am o S W ,W illiam s J C ,O bare G A et al.Soil fertility m anagem ent on sm all farm s in A frica: Evidence from N akura D istrict,K enya.Food Policy,2002,27: 159-170.
[9] Scott M Sw inton. C apturing household-level spatial influence in agricultural m anagem ent using random effects regression.A gricultural Econom ics,2002,27: 371-381.
[10] Evah M uragea, N ancy K et al. D iagnostic indicators of soil quality in productive and non-productive sm allholder's fields of K enya's C entral H ighlands.A griculture Ecosystem s & Environm ent,2000,79: 1-8.
[11] A m audou Sidibe.Farm -level adoption of soil and w ater conservation techniques in N orthern B urkina Faso.A gricultural W ater M anagem ent,2005,71: 211-224.
[12] W ang Peng, Tian Y aping, Zhang Zhaogan et al. Effect of household farm econom ic behavior on land degradation in hilly red soil region of south H unan. R esources and Environm ent in the Y angtze B asin, 2002, 11(4): 370-375.
[王鹏, 田亚平, 张兆干等. 湘南红壤丘陵区农户经济行为对土壤退化的影响. 长江流域资源与环境, 2002, 11(4): 370-375.]
[13] Liu Y ansui, Jay G ao. Trend analysis of land degradation in the zone along the G reat W all in northern Shaanxi. A cta G eographica Sinica, 2002, 57(4): 443-450.
[刘彦随, JA Y G ao. 陕北长城沿线地区土地退化态势分析. 地理学报, 2002,57(4): 443-450.]
[14] O uyang Jinliang, Y u Zhenrong, Zhang Fengrong. The study of the change of soil quality and the analysis of farm household based on eco-econom y zone.A cta Ecologica Sinica, 2003, 23(6): 1147-1155.
[欧阳进良, 宇振荣, 张凤荣. 基于生态经济分区的土壤质量及其变化与农户行为分析. 生态学报,2003,23(6): 1147-1155.]
[15] Zhang Y anyu,W ang Jing,Shi Y anxi et al.Farm ers'perceptions of arable land quality and their corresponding response. R esources Science,2006,28(2): 74-81.
[张衍毓, 王静, 史衍玺等. 基于农户的耕地质量认识及其响应机制研究. 资源科学,2006,28(2): 74-81.]
[16] K ong X iangbin, Zhang Fengrong, X u Y an et al. The progress and driving forces of change in arable land in intensive agricultural region during the past 50 years: A case study of Q uzhou county in H ebei Province. Journal of N atural R esources,2004,19(1): 12-20.
[孔祥斌, 张凤荣, 徐艳等. 集约化农区近50 年耕地数量变化驱动机制分析: 以河北 省曲周县为例. 自然资源学报,2004,19(1): 12-20.]
[17] K ong X iangbin, Zhang Fengrong, Q i W ei. The driving forces of land use in intensive agricultural region based on the behavior of household: A case study in Q uzhou C ounty in H ebei Province.Progress in G eography,2004,23(3): 50-57.
[孔祥斌, 张凤荣, 齐伟. 基于农户利用目标的集约化农区土地利用驱动机制分析: 以河北省曲周县为例. 地理科学 进展,2004,23(3): 50-57.]
[18] W ang Peng, M a C aixue. The discussion of the system of arable land quality evaluation. Econom ic Tribune, 2005, (6): 102-104.
[汪鹏, 马才学. 农用地分等指标体系建立方法探讨: 以北京市大兴县为例. 经济论坛,2005,(6): 102-104.]
[19] N ie Y an, Zhou Y ong, Y u Jing et al. G radation of agricultural land based on G IS and the fuzzy-m aterial analysis m ethod.Transactions of the C hinese Society of A gricultural Engineering,2004,20(5): 297-300.
[聂艳, 周勇, 于婧等. 基于G IS 和模糊物元分析法的农用地定级评价研究. 农业工程学报,2004,20(5): 297-300.]
[20] W u Q un, W en X iuchun, Tang Y an et al. A pplication of m odeling m ethod in datum price appraisal of arable land: A case study of Taixing C ity in Jiangsu Province.R esources Science,2004,26(5): 68-73.
[吴群, 温修春, 唐焱等. 模型 法在农用地基准地价评估中的应用: 以江苏省泰兴市为例. 资源科学,2004,26(5): 68-73.]
[21] G ao Zhonggui, Peng B uzhuo. R eview on study for agro-land classification and gradation in C hina. Econom ic G eography, 2004, 24(4): 514-519.
[高中贵, 彭补拙. 我国农用地分等定级研究综述. 经济地理, 2004, 24 (4): 514-519.]
[22] X u D uanyang,Jiang X iaosan,Pan Jianjun et al.R esearch on the m ethod of soil environm ent evaluation under different landform on a county-w ide scale: A case study of Y izheng C ity,Jiangsu Province.Journal of M ountain Science,2007, 25(1): 45-53.
[许端阳, 姜小三, 潘剑君等. 地貌差异条件下的县级尺度土壤环境综合评价方法: 以江苏省仪征市为 例. 山地学报,2007,25(1): 45-53.]
[23] Shi Lijun,Zhang Shaoliang,W ang H aoyu et al.Exploration for evaluation of land intensive use in urban area based on PSR m odel in X uzhou.Territory & N atural R esources Study,2006,(1): 4-5.
[史丽君, 张绍良, 王浩宇等. 基于PSR 框架的徐州市城市土地集约利用评价研究. 国土与自然资源研究,2006,(1): 4-5.]
[24] M eng X iaojun, Liu Zhihui, Q in C hunyan. A study of the region's eco-security m easure based on ecological footprint analysis: Taking X injiang as an exam ple.X injiang A gricultural Sciences,2007,44(4): 516-519.
[孟晓军, 刘志辉, 秦春 艳. 基于生态足迹分析方法的区域生态安全测度研究: 以新疆为例. 新疆农业科学,2007,44(4): 516-519.]
[25] W u K ening, G uan X iaoke, Feng X inw ei et al. The ecological environm ent quality w arning of Zhengzhou using gray system based on the PSR m odel.Journal of H enan A gricultural Sciences, 2007, (6): 83-89.
[吴克宁, 关小克, 冯新伟 等. 基于PSR 模型的郑州市生态环境质量灰色预警. 河南农业科学,2007,(6): 83-89.]
[26] X iao W eiw ei, X ie Y ongsheng, W ang Jijun. Establishm ent of evaluation index system of agriculture and ecology security in the loess hilly region.B ulletin of Soil and W ater C onservation,2007,27(2): 146-149.
[肖薇薇, 谢永生, 王 继军. 黄土丘陵区农业生态安全评价指标体系的建立. 水土保持通报,2007,27(2): 146-149.]
[27] Sun Shunli, Y ang D ian. A ssessm ent of appropriate exploitation of m ine ecological econom ics based on PSR m odel. M etal M ine,2007,(4): 66-70.
[孙顺利, 杨殿. 基于PSR 模型的矿区生态经济适度开发评价. 金属矿山, 2007, (4): 66-70.]
[28] D ong Jinw ei, Zheng X inqi. Study of ecological security assessm ent for Jinan based on reusable PSR m odel. R esource D evelopm ent & M arket,2007,(1): 1-4.
[董金玮, 郑新奇. 基于改进PSR 模型的济南市生态安全评价研究. 资源开 发与市场,2007,(1): 1-4.]
[29] Zhao Y anzhi, Zhang C hunlai, Zou X ueyong et al. Ecological security assessm ent and eco-environm ent construction of X igazêPrefecture on Tibetan Plateau.Scientia G eographica Sinica,2006, 26(1): 33-39.
[赵延治, 张春来, 邹学勇等. 西藏日喀则地区生态安全评价与生态环境建设. 地理科学,2006,26(1): 33-39.]
[30] G uo X udong, Q iu Y ang, Lian G ang et al. Land quality evaluation indicators at county scale based on "Press-State-R esponse" fram ew ork.Scientia G eographica Sinica,2005,25(5): 579-583.
[郭旭东, 邱扬, 连纲等. 基于 “压力—状态—响应”框架的县级土地质量评价指标研究. 地理科学,2005,25(5): 579-583.]
[31] Zhou B ingzhong, Y ang H ao, B ao H aosheng et al. PSR M odel and its application in the evaluation of sustainable land-use in the region.Journal of N atural R esources,2002,17(5): 541-548.
[周炳中, 杨浩, 包浩生等.PSR 模型及在 土地可持续利用评价中的应用. 自然资源学报,2002,17(5): 541-548.]
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |