经济转型与中国省区产业结构趋同研究
收稿日期: 2007-07-23
修回日期: 2008-05-22
网络出版日期: 2008-08-25
基金资助
国家自然科学青年基金项目(40401015); 国家自然科学基金重点项目(40535027)
Economic Transition and Convergence of Regional Industrial Structure in China
Received date: 2007-07-23
Revised date: 2008-05-22
Online published: 2008-08-25
Supported by
Youth Science Foundation of NSFC, No.40401015; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40535027
伴随经济转型的市场化、全球化和分权化过程是中国产业结构重组的重要力量。基于2004 年第一次经济普查资料, 深入探讨了中国制造业结构在不同产业层次的趋同问题。总体而言, 多数省区与全国产业结构保持着较高的相似性, 随着产业细分, 产业结构相似系数呈明显下降趋势。东部沿海省区和全国相似程度最高, 西部落后省份和全国相似性最低。资源密集型产业使省区结构与全国差异显著, 全球化程度较高、附加值较高、产业联系较强的产业使区域产业结构趋同。统计结果显示, 市场化进程有利于比较优势和区位优势的发挥, 显著地促进了比较优势相似的省区产业结构趋同, 而资源条件不同的省区结构差异化发展; 参与经济全球化强化了比较优势对于产业区位的影响, 相似国际市场需求以及区位和产业偏好相似的外资促使沿海省区产业结构趋同, 也是沿海与内地省区产业结构显著不同的原因。地方分权导致省区市场严重分割, 造成了一些省区产业结构趋同。
贺灿飞, 刘作丽, 王亮 . 经济转型与中国省区产业结构趋同研究[J]. 地理学报, 2008 , 63(8) : 807 -819 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200808003
China has undergone substantial industrial restructuring since the economic transition. The triple process of marketization, globalization and decentralization has a significant influence on the changes of industrial structure in Chinese provinces. Marketization and globalization may motivate provinces to develop industries based on their comparative advantages while decentralization may work in the opposite way. There are forces that stim ulate the structural convergence among Chinese provinces and also forces that lead to industrial structural divergence. Using data from the first econom iccensus conducted in 2004, this paper finds out that Chinese provinces are quite similar in their industrial structures. Industries contributing to the convergence of industrial com positions am ong Chinese provinces differ in different time periods. Provinces with similar industrial structure share a num ber of common characteristics. Statistical results indicate that m arketization has enhanced the role of com parative advantage endow ed in natural resources, stim ulating the divergence of industrial structures of Chinese provinces with different resource endowments while encouraging provinces with comparable endowments to develop similar industries. How ever, decentralization generates economic fragmentation of domestic markets, fueling inter-provincial protectionism and rational im itation, and leading to the convergence of industrial structures am ong Chinese provinces.Globalization has two effects.On the one hand, the globalized provinces have been converging in their industrial structures. On the other hand, the globalized provinces have rather different industrial structures from the underperform ed provinces in exports and utilization of FDI. The em pirical results im ply that econom ic transition and its consequences are critical in understanding the industrial restructuring in China.
Key words： economic transition; marketization; globalization; decentralization
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