塔里木河干流区土地覆被变化 与景观格局分析
收稿日期: 2008-09-15
修回日期: 2008-11-12
网络出版日期: 2009-01-25
基金资助
中国科学院西部行动计划(KZCX2-XB2-03);国家自然科学基金(40871059);新疆科技重大专项 (200733144-4) 共同资助
Land Cover Change and Landscape Pattern in the Mainstream of the Tarim River
Received date: 2008-09-15
Revised date: 2008-11-12
Online published: 2009-01-25
Supported by
The CAS action-plan for West Development, No.KZCX2-XB2-03;National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40871059;Xinjiang Key Science and Technology Special Project, No.200733144-4
在GIS 和遥感技术支持下， 结合景观格局数量分析方法， 利用1973 年MSS、1983 年航空遥感土地利用图、1990 年TM、2000 年TM 和2005 年CBERS 遥感影像对新疆塔里木河 干流区土地利用/ 覆被变化过程进行了定量分析。结果表明， 1973-2005 年塔里木河干流区土 地利用/ 覆被发生了显著变化， 耕地和城乡居民及建设用地面积显著增加， 林地、草地和湿地面积减少， 未利用地表现出先增加后减小的趋势。研究区土地利用类型转移的主要方向是 林地和草地转化为耕地、耕地转化为城乡居民及建设用地、草地转化为未利用地。土地利用变化经历了“显著变化—缓慢变化—显著变化—急剧变化” 的过程。景观格局分析表明， 在 人类活动的影响下， 研究区景观破碎度、多样性增大， 优势度减小。草地和未利用地对整个景观的控制作用减小， 景观结构趋于多样和均匀。驱动力分析表明， 人口增长和经济发展因 素是塔里木河干流区土地利用/ 覆被变化的最直接驱动力， 同时还受产业结构因素和政策因素及人类干扰强度的影响。
赵锐锋,陈亚宁,李卫红,张丽华,吴世新,黄青 . 塔里木河干流区土地覆被变化 与景观格局分析[J]. 地理学报, 2009 , 64(1) : 95 -106 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200901010
This study aims at revealing how land use and land cover changed in the mainstream of the Tarim River since 1973. Combining the integrated technology of ecological quantity analytical method with GIS technology, based on the MSS images in 1973, TM images in 1990 and 2000, CBERS images in 2005, and the land use data of 1983, the changes of land use/cover and landscape pattern were analyzed in this paper in the mainstream of the Tarim River from 1973 to 2005. The results showed that the areas of farmland and residential land increased obviously, areas of grassland, forest and wetland decreased, and that of unused land increased first then decreased. The major patterns of land use change were the conversions of grassland, forest and wetland to farmland, farmland to residential land, and grassland to unused land. Land use change underwent a process of obvious change - slow change - obvious change - tremendous change. The analysis of landscape index showed that due to the disturbance of human activities, landscape diversity index increased while landscape dominance index decreased. Simultaneously, landscape fragmentation index increased gradually.
Key words： Tarim River; land use/land cover; landscape pattern
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