夏半年青藏高原“湿池” 的水汽分布 及水汽输送特征
收稿日期: 2008-11-09
修回日期: 2009-03-02
网络出版日期: 2009-05-25
基金资助
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2004CB418302);国家自然科学基金项目(40633018;40675036)
Characteristics of the Moist Pool and Its Moisture Transports over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in Summer Half Year
Received date: 2008-11-09
Revised date: 2009-03-02
Online published: 2009-05-25
Supported by
National Basic Research Program of China,No.2004CB418302;National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.40633018;No.40675036
采用1948-2007 年共计60 年的NCEP/NCAR 再分析资料， 计算了夏半年(4-9 月) 青藏 高原大气中的可降水量、水汽输送通量和水汽输送通量散度， 分析了夏半年青藏高原可降水 量的分布和变化特征， 青藏高原及其附近的水汽输送。结果表明： 在对流层中层的青藏高原 上空， 夏季是一个明显的大气水汽含量高中心， “湿池” 特征非常显著， 湿池主要有三个大 的可降水量中心， 即高原的西南部、东南部和高原南侧。4-9 月， 高原上的可降水量变化很 大， 高原的增湿的速度小于减湿的速度。水汽进入高原主要通过三条水汽通道， 即西风带水 汽输送通道、印度洋—孟加拉湾水汽通道和南海—孟加拉湾水汽通道。水汽主要在高原西南 侧、喜马拉雅山中段和高原东南侧进入高原。
王霄,巩远发,岑思弦 . 夏半年青藏高原“湿池” 的水汽分布 及水汽输送特征[J]. 地理学报, 2009 , 64(5) : 601 -608 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200905009
The precipitable water vapor, transfer flux of water vapor and divergency of transfer flux of water vapor over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in summer half year (from April to September) is calculated by using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data obtained from 60 years from 1948 to 2007. The distribution and variation characteristic of precipitable water vapor in summer half year over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is analyzed. The transfer of water vapor over the whole plateau and its surrounding is analyzed. THe result shows that there is a significant high center of precipitable water vapor at the middle troposphere over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in summer half year. The characteristics of ‘ moist pool’ are significant, and there are three high centers of precipitable water vapor in the ‘moist pool’ , which are southwest, southeast and south sides of the plateau. The variation of pricipitable water vapor over the whole region is great from April to September. The velocity of moisture increase is faster than its decrease. Water vapor comes into the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau mainly through three moisture channels, which are westerly zone channel, Indian Ocean via the Bay of Bengal channel and South China Sea via the Bay of Bengal channel. The water vapor entering the plateau is mainly from the southeast plateau, the southwest plateau, and the middle Himalaya Mountains.
[1] Ye Duzheng, Gao Youxi. Meteorology of the Tibetan Plateau. Beijing: Science Press, 1979.
[叶笃正, 高由禧. 青藏高原 气象学. 北京: 科学出版社, 1979.]
[2] Zhu Fukang, Tao Shiyan, Chen Lianshou. The moist pool over the plateau. The Second Session of International Workshop on TIPEX (IWTE-I). Beijing: China Meteorological Press, 2000. 106-112.
[朱福康, 陶诗言, 陈联寿. 高原湿 池. 第二次青藏高原大气科学试验理论研究进展(二). 北京: 气象出版社, 2000. 106-112.]
[3] Jiang Jixi, Fan Meizhu. A primary study of the relationship between TBB fields and water vapor distribution over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in summer. Plateau Meteorology, 2002, 21(1): 20-24.
[江吉喜, 范梅珠. 青藏高原夏季TBB 场 与水汽分布关系的初步研究. 高原气象, 2002, 21(1): 20-24.]
[4] Liang Hong, Liu Jingmiao, Zhang Jiancheng et al. Research on retrieval of the amount of atmospheric water vapor over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Plateau Meteorology, 2006, 25(6): 1055-1063.
[梁宏, 刘晶淼, 章建成等. 青藏高原大气总水 汽量的反演研究. 高原气象, 2006, 25(6): 1055-1063.]
[5] Liang Hong, Liu Jingmiao, Li Shikui. Analysis of precipitable water vapor source distribution and its seasonal variation characteristics over Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings. Journal of Natural Resources, 2006, 21(4): 526-534.
[梁宏, 刘 晶淼, 李世奎. 青藏高原及周边地区大气水汽资源分布和季节变化特征分析. 自然资源学报, 2006, 21(4): 526-534.]
[6] Xu Xiangde, Tao Shiyan Wang Jizhi et al. The relationship between water vapor transport features of Tibetan Plateau: Monsoon "Large Triangle" affecting region and drought-flood abnormality of China. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 2002, 60(3): 259-265.
[徐祥德, 陶诗言, 王继志等. 青藏高原: 季风水汽输送“大三角扇形” 影响域特征与中国区域旱涝 异常的关系. 气象学报, 2002, 60(3): 259-265.]
[7] Xu Xiangde, Chen Lianshou, Wang Xiurong et al. Moisture transport source/sink structure of the Meiyu rain belt along the Yangtze River Valley. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2003, 48(21): 2288-2294.
[徐祥德, 陈联寿, 王秀荣等. 长江流域 梅雨带水汽输送源—汇结构. 科学通报, 2003, 48(21): 2288-2294.]
[8] Miao Qiuju, Xu Xiangde, Zhang Shengjun. Whole layer water vapor budget of Yangtze River Valley and moisture flux components transformin the key areas of the Plateau. Acta Meteorolgica Sinica, 2005, 61(1): 93-99.
[苗秋菊, 徐祥德, 张胜军. 长江流域水汽收支与高原水汽输送分量“转换” 特征. 气象学报, 2005, 63(1): 93-99.]
[9] Bai Jingyu, Xu Xiangde. Atmospheric hydrological budget with its effects over Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2004, 14(1): 81-86.
[10] Zheng Xinjiang, Xu Jianmin, Li Xianzhou. Characteristics of water vapour transfer in upper troposphere over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in summer. Plateau Meteorology, 1997, 16(3): 274-281.
[郑新江, 许建民, 李献洲. 夏季青藏 高原水汽输送特征. 高原气象, 1997, 16(3): 274-281.]
[11] Zhou Changyan, Li Yueqing, Li Wei et al. Climatological characteristics of water vapor transport over eastern part of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its surrounding. Plateau Meteorology, 2005, 24(6): 880-888.
[周长艳, 李跃清, 李薇等. 青藏高原东部及其邻地区水汽输送的气候特征. 高原气象, 2005, 24(6): 880-888.]
[12] Yang Song, K M Lau, K-M Kim. Variations of the East Asian jet stream and Sian-Pacific-American winter climate anomalies. J. Climate, 2002, 15: 306-325.
[13] Inoue Tomoshige, Jun Matsumoto. A comparison of summer sea level pressure over East Eurasia between NCEP-NCAR reanalysis and ERA-40 for the period 1960-99. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 2004, 82(3): 951-958.
[14] Zhai Panmao, Robert E Eslcridge. Atmospheric water vapor over China. J Climate, 1997, 10: 2643-2652.
[15] Cai Ying, Qian Zheng'an. Distribution changes of atmospheric precipitable water over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its surroundings and their changeable precipitation climate. Plateau Meteorology, 2004, 23(1): 1-10.
[蔡英, 钱正安. 青藏 高原及周边地区大气可降水量的分布变化与各地多变的降水气候. 高原气象, 2004, 23(1): 1-10.]
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |