地理学方法论变革的案例剖析——重新审视《地理学中的例外论》之争
收稿日期: 2009-06-01
修回日期: 2009-06-29
网络出版日期: 2009-09-25
基金资助
科技部创新方法工作项目(2007FY140800)
Re-evaluating Schaefer and His Criticizing on Exceptionalism in Geography: A Case Study on the Innovation of Methodology
Received date: 2009-06-01
Revised date: 2009-06-29
Online published: 2009-09-25
Supported by
Innovation Method Fund of China, No.2007FY140800
方法论是关涉地理学性质和发展走向的关键问题。案例剖析是研究方法论的重要方法。本文选取在地理学思想史上有重大影响的《地理学中的例外论：方法论的检视》一文及其引发的争议作为案例，在分析其背景的基础上，深入透视和拓展该文对地理学方法论性质的认识，重新审视和评价了“例外论”之争及其现实意义。该案例剖析表明：方法论是方法的科学化、逻辑化和整体化，方法论的基本性质是动态演替性；地理学方法论发展的途径有传承型、革新型和调适型，对于地理学都不可或缺；方法论的发展不断经历着“否定之否定”的辩证过程；地理学能够并且应该为方法论研究和争论创造平台。当前中国地理学迫切需要加强方法论的探索和革新。
叶超,蔡运龙 . 地理学方法论变革的案例剖析——重新审视《地理学中的例外论》之争[J]. 地理学报, 2009 , 64(9) : 1134 -1142 . DOI: 10.11821/xb200909011
Methodology is a key issue concerning the nature and development direction of geography. Case studies are an important method for methodological research. This paper takes "Exceptionalism in Geography: A Methodological Examination", a classical article in the history of geographical thought, and the debate caused by the article, as a case study. It re-examines and evaluates the background and significance of Schaefer-Hartshorne Debate and makes an in-depth analysis of the nature of the geographical methodology. The case study indicates that methodology is not a set of methods, but the scientism, logic and integration of methods. The basic nature of methodology is the evolutionary dynamics. The approaches to developing methodology in geography can be induced to the traditional type, the innovation type and the adaptation-based type, all of which are essential and equally important for geography. The development of methodology in geography experiences continuously a "negation of negation" dialectic process. Geographers should continue to pursue the methodological research. It is an ungent task for Chinese geographers to hunger for innovation of the methodological research, and a platform should be set up to discuss the methodology. This is the common responsibility of geographers.
Key words： methodology; geography; case study; exceptionalism; Schaefer-Hartshorne Debat
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