广西乐业国家地质公园地质遗迹成景机制及模式
收稿日期: 2010-01-08
修回日期: 2010-04-08
网络出版日期: 2010-05-25
基金资助
中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所基本科研业务费项目(2009019，2007016)
Geological Relics Formation Mechanism and Model of the Leye National Geopark, Guangxi
Received date: 2010-01-08
Revised date: 2010-04-08
Online published: 2010-05-25
Supported by
Basic expenses of science research of Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Aacademy of Geological Sciences,No.2009019,2007016
将乐业地质遗迹划分为7种景型,10种景域,19种景段,32种景元,若干处典型地质遗迹实体。同时在对公园区域成景背景进行分析和研究的基础上,按不同地质时期及形成于该时期的典型岩溶地貌,将公园成景过程划分为:峰丛期、地下河和洞穴期、天坑期、现代岩溶作用期。而受构造运动多期由极强→较强→趋弱→平稳周期性演变的宏观控制和影响,及受气候因素、地层岩性和岩溶过程的具体控制和影响,产生不同的"构造—地表过程—气候"响应过程:(1)S岩溶地块,沿地表地下同时发育;(2)碎屑岩地块,多发育于地表;但两者的成景过程沿同一方向演变:各向分散独立成景→各向单一网络式成景→统一网络式成景。期间碎屑岩地块总是S地块的侵蚀基准面和排泄区域,相互制约和影响着各自不同的成景方向、强度和规模,与孤岛和大海间相互制约和影响的过程极为相似,在此基础上提出乐业地质遗迹的孤岛型成景模式。
韦跃龙; 陈伟海; 黄保健 . 广西乐业国家地质公园地质遗迹成景机制及模式[J]. 地理学报, 2010 , 65(5) : 580 -594 . DOI: 10.11821/xb201005007
The paper defines the resource system of Leye geological relics as 7 landscape types, 10 landscape fields, 19 landscape segments, 32 landscape cells and numerous typical landscape entities. On the basis of analysis and investigation about the background of the formation of scenic spots, the formation of scenery in Leye is categorized into four epochs in terms of different geological stages and the typical karst landform formed during the specific geological stage, namely, the epoch of Fengcong, the epoch of underground river and cave, the epoch of Tiankeng and the epoch of modern karst. During the four epochs, as the formation of scenery in Leye is macro-controlled and affected by the cyclical evolution of tectonic movement which involves multiple cycles from tremendously strong to relatively strong, to feeble, finally to stable, and specifically by climatic factors, formation lithology and the process of karst, different "Tectonic-Surface-Climate" responses occur: (1) the S-shaped massif always grows from both surface and underground; (2) the clastic rock massif mostly develops from the surface. However, both of the formation processes evolve in the same direction, starting from the anisotropic, scattered and independent system to the anisotropic, sole network system, finally to the uniform network system. During these four epochs, the clastic rock massif always serves as the base level of erosion and drainage of the S-shaped massif; the two massifs always exert mutual restriction and influence on the direction, intension and dimensions of formation of their own, which is quite similar to the mode between island and ocean. Based on the above-mentioned process and mechanism, the paper puts forward the island-style model of formation for Leye geological relics.
Key words： geological relics; formation mechanism; formation model; Guangxi; Leye
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