中国制造业企业500强总部区位特征分析
收稿日期: 2009-02-14
修回日期: 2009-09-30
网络出版日期: 2010-02-25
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(40671060); 教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目(2006JDXM086)
Headquarter Locations of Top 500 Enterprises of Chinese Manufacturing Industries
Received date: 2009-02-14
Revised date: 2009-09-30
Online published: 2010-02-25
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40671060; The MOE Project of Key Research institute of Humanities and Social Sciences in University, No.2006JDXM086
通过对2008中国制造业企业500强相关数据分析,揭示出中国大中型企业总部的区位特征,并解释了企业总部区位特征的影响因素。研究发现,500强总部主要集中于沿海三大经济区,以及长江、黄河沿线区域,并以京津冀、长三角、珠三角和山东地区占主导地位;中国特大城市是企业总部的重要集聚地,北京、上海、天津和深圳具有较强的总部控制能力。影响企业总部区位的因素包括城市规模、市场容量、国内外投资、金融能力、科技水平、基础设施和城市区位等,其中,城市经济实力具有较强解释性,以北京、上海、深圳为核心的中国沿海发达地区,凭借此方面区位优势吸引着企业总部进一步集聚。
武前波; 宁越敏 . 中国制造业企业500强总部区位特征分析[J]. 地理学报, 2010 , 65(2) : 139 -152 . DOI: 10.11821/xb201002002
Through analysis of top 500 enterprises data of Chinese manufacturing industries, the paper reveals headquarter location characteristics of Chinese large and medium-sized enterprises, and explains the location factors of corporate headquarters in China. The study finds that top 500 enterprises of Chinese manufacturing industries are concentrated in the three major coastal economic regions, including the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, Shandong and Liaoning provinces, as well as the areas along the Yangtze and Yellow rivers. Corporate headquarters of mega-cities are mainly located in the central districts, and economic and technological development zones, industrial parks or technological parks are main space of headquarter clusters in the medium-sized cities. In addition, small and medium-sized cities also accommodate a number of corporate headquarters. At the same time, the phenomenon of corporate headquarters relocation has already emerged in China, with Beijing and Shanghai as the main destinations. The location factors of corporate headquarters include urban scale, market capacity, domestic and foreign investment, financial capacity, science and technology conditions, urban infrastructures and urban location. Furthermore, urban economy scale is more explanatory to headquarters location. Chinese coastal developed regions have many advantages in these conditions, so Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen are attracting more and more corporate headquarters to further concentration.
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