厦门岛城市空间扩张特征及其影响因素分析
收稿日期: 2009-09-20
修回日期: 2010-01-15
网络出版日期: 2010-06-25
基金资助
中国科学院重要方向性项目(KZCX2-YW-450); 国家自然科学基金项目(40901243)
Dynamic Analysis of Island Urban Spatial Expansion and Its Determinants: A Case Study of Xiamen Island
Received date: 2009-09-20
Revised date: 2010-01-15
Online published: 2010-06-25
Supported by
Knowledge Innovation Program of CAS, No.KZCX2-YW-450; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40901243
海岸带是目前世界上城市化最集中的区域，海岛作为海岸带的一个特殊地理组成，其城市空间扩张过程可以理解为城市发展与自然地理环境之间相互耦合作用的结晶。本文以中国东南沿海的厦门岛为例，结合厦门岛城市发展的相关政策、城市规划、人口、产业等历史与现状资料的文本分析，通过图片修整和遥感地理信息分析相结合的方法，首先回顾厦门岛近100 年的城市化历程，分析厦门岛海岸线、岛屿形状、建成区、交通、行政区划及主要土地利用类型历史变化及城市空间扩张特征；然后从行政区划、城市总体规划、产业发展、地形、围填海、交通和人口等方面分别探讨影响海岛城市空间扩张的潜在决定因素；总结各种因素对海岛城市空间扩张的作用；以期为中国甚至世界其它沿海城市合理开发海岛，促进海岸带可持续城市化提供科学借鉴。
吝涛, 李新虎, 张国钦, 赵千钧, 崔胜辉 . 厦门岛城市空间扩张特征及其影响因素分析[J]. 地理学报, 2010 , 65(6) : 715 -726 . DOI: 10.11821/xb201006009
Most cities in the world are concentrated in coastal areas. As a special geographical component of coastal system, island urban spatial expansion is the outcome of interactions between city development and physical environment. This paper takes Xiamen Island, southeastern China, as an example to analyze island urban spatial expansion and its determinants by combining literature analysis of urban development policies, urban overall plans, population growth and industrial development, and geographical information analysis of historical maps and remote sensing images. Firstly, we reviewed the nearly 100 years of the Xiamen city development which can be identified into four periods: the embryo of modern city and early development (1908-1949; administrative boundary expansion and infrastructure development (1950-1979); special economic zone construction and rapid urbanization (1980-2003); changes from island city to bay city development since 2003. The dynamic changes of coastline, island shape, built-up area, transportation, administrative division, and major land use type conversion during the past about 100 years were analyzed individually and the characteristics of the island urban spatial expansion were concluded: expansion from a central point in the early days, expansion along a section of coastline, and expansion from coastline to inner land. Secondly, the potential determinants of island urban spatial expansion were discussed including administrative division adjustment, urban master planning revisions, industrial development, topography factors, coastal land reclamation, transportation expansion, and population growth. Finally, the effects of each potential determinant on island urban spatial expansion were summarized. The island urban spatial expansion is a result of interacted natural and social economic factors. The built-up area expansion is the major driver of island land cover and land use changes. This study can provide a scientific reference for further development of island and coastal regions of China.
Key words： island; urbanization; spatial expansion; determinants; Xiamen
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