跨界旅游区是旅游发展潜力大而管理对象复杂的地理单元,成为旅游地理学区域性研究新焦点。立足于组织际关系(IORs)和社会网络理论方法视角,剖析出跨界旅游区空间合作行为实质为跨界旅游组织之间接触交流的网络构建和重组。在相应的社会网络评价指标体系建立的基础上,对大别山天堂寨跨界旅游区网络结构和跨界合作进行实证分析,并经核心—边缘模型验证,表明:①从网络密度看,天堂寨整体网络密度较局域网络密度小,呈现出行政区内的强联结和行政区之间的弱联结,网络结构洞特征凸显;低层级行政区之间网络密度大于高层级行政区之间的网络密度;跨界维度越多,网络密度越小,说明跨界旅游活动存在显著的边界效应。②从网络节点中心度看,局域中心度最大,整体中心度次之,边界中心度最小,从一个侧面印证了旅游行政区经济存在且相当强势。③根据Francisco的组织际合作关系整合模型,发现天堂寨跨界旅游合作处于由弱合作阶段向中合作阶段过渡。进一步降低交易成本,增加各方共识度,营造良好的外部环境,采取组建跨界旅游联盟,进而提高跨界合作强度,是实现天堂寨跨界旅游区可持续发展的重要途径。

Cross-border tourism region is a geographic unit which has large tourism development potential and complex management object, and becomes a new research focal point in tourism geography. Based on the Inter-Organizational Relationships (IORs) and social network theory, the paper indicates that the spatial cooperation behavior among cross-border tourism regions is essentially the network construction and reorganization of contacts and exchanges between the cross-border tourism organizations. Using the corresponding social network evaluating indicator system, the paper makes an empirical analysis for cross-border tourism region network structure and cross-border cooperation in the Tiantangzhai of Dabieshan, and then the conclusion is verified by core-periphery model. The results show that: (1) In terms of the network density, the whole Tiantangzhai network is smaller compared with the local network density, showing a weak tie between the administrative areas and a strong tie inside the administrative area, meanwhile structural holes are found. The network density between the low level administrative areas is bigger than that between the upper ones. The more cross-border dimensions are, the smaller the network density is. This reflects that there is a significant border effect in the cross-border tourism activity. (2) As to the network degree, the local degree is the biggest, followed by the global degree, and the border degree is the smallest. It is proved that tourism administrative region economy is an influential phenomenon. (3) According to Francisco's integrated model of IORs, the paper discovers that the cross-border tourism cooperation has transferred from a weak phase to a medium phase in Tiantangzhai. To enhance cooperation in Tiantangzhai cross-border region, concrete measures should be taken to achieve the aim of sustainable development by reducing the transactional costs, strengthening the conformity among departments concerned, building the good external environments, and setting up the cross-border tourism alliances.