高寒草甸土壤有机碳储量及其垂直分布特征

doi:10.11821/xb200607006

地理学报 ›› 2006, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (7): 720-728.doi: 10.11821/xb200607006

高寒草甸土壤有机碳储量及其垂直分布特征

陶贞^1,2, 沈承德², 高全洲¹, 孙彦敏², 易惟熙², 李英年³

1. 中山大学地理科学与规划学院, 广州 510275;
2. 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所, 广州 510640;
3. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 西宁 810001

收稿日期:2005-01-12 修回日期:2006-05-18 出版日期:2006-07-25 发布日期:2006-07-25
作者简介:陶贞 (1965-), 女,博士, 主要从事土壤碳循环及全球变化研究。E-mail: taozhen@mail.sysu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目 (40231015; 40473002; 40471120); "985工程"GIS与遥感的地学应用科技创新平台 (105203200400006)

Soil Organic Carbon Storage and Vertical Distribution of Alpine Meadow on the Tibetan Plateau

TAO Zhen^1,2, SHEN Chengde², GAO Quanzhou¹, SUN Yanmin², YI Weixi², LI Yingnian³

1. School of Geography and Planning, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
2. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, CAS, Guangzhou 510640, China;
3. Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS, Xining 810001, China

Received:2005-01-12 Revised:2006-05-18 Published:2006-07-25 Online:2006-07-25
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40231015; No.40473002; No.40471120; The '985 Project' of GIS and Remote Sensing for Geosciences from the Ministry of Education of China, No.105203200400006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

青藏高原是全球变化的敏感区。高寒草甸草原是青藏高原上最主要的放牧利用草地资源之一。选择青藏高原东北隅海北站内具有代表性的高寒草甸土壤进行高分辨率采样，测定土壤根系和有机碳含量。研究得出，青藏高原高寒草甸土壤贮存有巨大的根系生物量 (23544.60 kg ha^-1~27947 kg ha^-1) 和土壤有机碳 (21.52 GtC);自然土壤表层 (0~10 cm) 储存了整个剖面土壤有机碳总量的30%左右。比较发现，高寒草甸土壤的有机碳平均贮存量 (23.17×10⁴ kgCha^-1) (0~60 cm) 较相应深度的热带森林土壤、灌丛土壤和草地土壤的有机碳贮存量高约1~5倍多。在全球碳预算研究中，青藏高原高寒草甸土壤有机碳库不可忽视。随着全球变暖，表层土壤有机碳分解释放的CO₂将增加。为了减少高寒草甸生态系统的碳排放，应加强高寒草甸土壤地表覆被的保护，合理种植深根系植物。这对减缓全球大气CO₂浓度升高的速率以及可持续开发高寒草甸的生态服务功能都具有重要意义。

关键词: 青藏高原, 高寒草甸, 土壤有机碳, 全球碳库

Abstract:

The alpine meadow ecosystem is one of the important grassland resources for grazing on the Tibetan Plateau. High-resolution sampling, measurement of roots contents and organic carbon contents of selected soil in Haibei Station were made in an attempt to detect the soil organic carbon storage and vertical distribution of the alpine meadow in the northeast Tibetan Plateau. The results show that considerable magnitude roots biomass (23544.60 kg ha^-1-27947 kg ha^-1) and organic carbon (21.52 GtC) have been stored in soils of the alpine meadow. Some 30% of total soil organic carbon of natural soil profiles has been stored in the upper horizons (upper 10 cm). Comparison suggests that soil organic carbon storage (23.17×10⁴ kg C ha^-1) (0-60 cm) is 2-6 folds of that of forest soil, shrub soil and pasture soil in the Tropics. Soil organic carbon pool of the alpine meadow is ignorable in the carbon budget both of the globe and China. With the global warming, it is important to protect flimsy alpine meadow ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau, not to disturb the soil cover of alpine meadow, and to introduce feasibly deep-rooted plants for storing much more soil organic carbon, for decreasing CO₂ emitting from the soils, for slowing down CO₂ concentration rising rate of the atmosphere, and for sustainable developing ecotype services of the alpine meadow.

Key words: alpine meadow, soil organic carbon, global change, global carbon budget

陶贞,沈承德,高全洲,孙彦敏,易惟熙,李英年. 高寒草甸土壤有机碳储量及其垂直分布特征[J]. 地理学报, 2006, 61(7): 720-728.

TAO Zhen, SHEN Chengde, GAO Quanzhou, SUN Yanmin, YI Weixi, LI Yingnian. Soil Organic Carbon Storage and Vertical Distribution of Alpine Meadow on the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2006, 61(7): 720-728.

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高寒草甸土壤有机碳储量及其垂直分布特征

Soil Organic Carbon Storage and Vertical Distribution of Alpine Meadow on the Tibetan Plateau

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