2010—2020年中国城镇化的时空分异及影响因素

doi:10.11821/dlxb202304001

地理学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 78 ›› Issue (4): 777-791.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202304001

• 城市与区域发展 • 下一篇

2010—2020年中国城镇化的时空分异及影响因素

李汝资¹^,²(), 黄晓玲³, 刘耀彬¹^,²()

1.南昌大学中国中部经济社会发展研究中心，南昌 330031
2.南昌大学经济管理学院，南昌 330031
3.中国地质大学（武汉）经济管理学院，武汉 430074

收稿日期:2021-10-25 修回日期:2022-12-11 出版日期:2023-04-25 发布日期:2023-04-14
通讯作者: 刘耀彬(1970-), 男, 湖北麻城人, 博士, 教授, 研究方向为城市与生态经济。E-mail: liuyaobin2003@163.com
作者简介:李汝资(1988-), 男, 山东临沂人, 博士, 副教授, 中国地理学会会员(S110010742M), 研究方向为区域经济与生态经济。E-mail: lirz390@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42101168);国家自然科学基金项目(42271209)

Spatio-temporal differentiation and influencing factors of China's urbanization from 2010 to 2020

LI Ruzi¹^,²(), HUANG Xiaoling³, LIU Yaobin¹^,²()

1. Research Center of Central China Economic and Social Development, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
2. School of Economics and Management, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
3. School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China

Received:2021-10-25 Revised:2022-12-11 Published:2023-04-25 Online:2023-04-14
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42101168);National Natural Science Foundation of China(42271209)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

伴随中国城镇化进入中后期发展阶段，增进居民福祉成为核心目标，从“自上而下”的供给侧系统目标优化向“自下而上”的需求侧多维目标协同转变，为理解城镇化内涵提供新视角。本文从人居生活、人文环境、人城关系等维度界定了城镇化内涵框架与指标体系，并运用泰尔指数、方差分解及地理探测器等方法，解析2010—2020年中国城镇化的时空分异规律与影响因素变化。结果发现：2014年新型城镇化战略实施以来，中国城镇化发展取得显著成效，人居生活与人城关系稳步提升，人文环境有较大改善空间。城镇化高水平区域逐步向沿长江流域、黄河流域的内陆地区扩展，区域差异明显缩小，地区内差异贡献率呈现扩大趋势。人居生活差异、人城关系差异是城镇化分异的主要原因，2014年以来人文环境差异的贡献率显著增大。对外开放和科技创新始终是人居生活差异的主要作用因子。随着新型城镇化战略实施，政府财政对人文环境差异的作用力逐渐降低。资源禀赋对人城关系差异影响相对较大。本文可为促进中国城镇化发展提供理论和经验支撑。

关键词: 城镇化, 新型城镇化, 需求侧多维目标, 自下而上, 地理探测器

Abstract:

As China's urbanization has entered the middle and later stage and the improvement of well-being of residents has become a core goal, the transformation from "top-down" system goals optimization on the supply side to "bottom-up" multi-dimensional goals coordination on the demand side has become a new perspective to understand the connotation of urbanization. Based on the perspective of the human living conditions, the humanities environment, and human-city relationship, this paper constructs a connotation framework and index system of urbanization. Furthermore, Theil index is employed to analyze the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics of China's urbanization before and after the implementation of the new-type urbanization strategy. Finally, in terms of both direct and indirect effect mechanisms, the mechanism framework of urbanization differentiation is constructed, and its evolution pattern is revealed by using Variance Decomposition and Geodetector. The results show that: since the implementation of the new-type urbanization strategy in 2014, China's urbanization has made remarkable achievements, with a steady improvement in human living conditions and human-city relationship, and there is still much room for improvement in the humanities environment. The high-level areas of urbanization are mainly distributed in coastal areas, and expanding to inland areas along the Yangtze River Basin and Yellow River Basin. The regional differences of urbanization gradually decrease, but the contribution rate of inner-regional differences shows an expanding trend. Differences in human living conditions and human-city relationship are the main factors of urbanization differentiation, but the contribution of differences in humanities environment is gradually expanding after 2014. Opening up and scientific & technological innovation are the main influencing factors of the difference in human living conditions. With the implementation of the new-type urbanization strategy, the impact on differences in humanities environment of the government finance gradually diminishes. Resource endowments have a relatively strong influence on differences in human-city relationship. This study can provide theoretical and empirical support for promoting the development of urbanization in China.

Key words: urbanization, new-type urbanization, demand-side multidimensional goals, bottom-up, Geodetector

李汝资, 黄晓玲, 刘耀彬. 2010—2020年中国城镇化的时空分异及影响因素[J]. 地理学报, 2023, 78(4): 777-791.

LI Ruzi, HUANG Xiaoling, LIU Yaobin. Spatio-temporal differentiation and influencing factors of China's urbanization from 2010 to 2020[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2023, 78(4): 777-791.

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目标层	准则层	指标层	信息冗余度	权重	指标属性
人居生活	收入就业	城镇化率	0.0224	0.0868	正向
		城镇居民人均收入	0.0378	0.1464	正向
		城镇登记失业人员	0.0079	0.0305	负向
	民生福祉	普通小学师生比	0.0279	0.1080	正向
		平均预期寿命	0.0137	0.0531	正向
		房价收入比	0.0064	0.0248	负向
人文环境	文化素养	平均受教育年限	0.0208	0.0805	正向
人文环境	休闲娱乐	文化场馆数量	0.0361	0.1398	正向
人城关系	开敞空间	人均城市道路面积	0.0171	0.0662	正向
	开敞空间	人均公园绿地面积	0.0206	0.0797	正向
	生态环境	森林覆盖率	0.0383	0.1482	正向
	生态环境	PM_2.5浓度	0.0093	0.0360	负向

2010—2020年中国城镇化的时空分异及影响因素

Spatio-temporal differentiation and influencing factors of China's urbanization from 2010 to 2020

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