张其昀先生的区域地理学思想与成就

doi:10.11821/dlxb202101018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

张其昀是中国近代科学地理学的创建者之一,为中国近代的地理学教育、人文地理学、政治地理学、历史地理学、区域地理学等的发展做出了卓越贡献。在区域地理学方面,他较早地将西方近代区域地理学作品介绍到国内,将“Regional Geography”翻译为“方志学”,引入并阐释了西方区域地理学的概念、研究内容、研究方法等,并积极地将这些理论和方法运用到自己的研究中,创作出《本国地理》等经典著述,对中国近代区域地理学的发展具有开创之功。张其昀的区域地理学思想主要源于法国近代地理学家Blache的人地关系或然论、综合的区域研究等理论和方法,他研究区域地理学重视区域划分和实地考察,强调地图的运用和区域内人地关系的阐释,具有明显的“维达尔传统”特征。

关键词: 张其昀, 区域地理学, 方志学, 代表作, 学术思想

Abstract:

Zhang Qiyun was one of the founders of modern Chinese geography. He has made outstanding contributions to geography education, political geography, historical geography, and regional geography in modern China. In terms of regional geography, he introduced Western works to China initially, and translated the phrase "regional geography" as "local gazetteers". In addition, he expounded the concepts, contents, and research methods of Western regional geography, and tried to construct the theoretical system of Chinese regional geography. His regional geography works were also widely disseminated. Zhang Qiyun's research focused on regional division and geographical investigations, which placed on emphasis on the use of maps as well as the interpretation of human-land relationships. His thoughts on regional geography are mainly derived from the theories and methods of the human-land relationship proposed by Paul Vidal de La Blache, a modern French geographer. Distilling the thoughts and academic achievements of Zhang Qiyun is of great help for understanding the development of regional geography in modern China.

Key words: Zhang Qiyun, regional geography, local gazetteers, masterpiece, academic thoughts

何沛东. 张其昀先生的区域地理学思想与成就[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(1): 235-247.

HE Peidong. Academic thoughts and achievements in regional geography of Zhang Qiyun[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(1): 235-247.

图/表 1

参考文献 66

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《县志拟目》	《夏河县志略》	《遵义新志》	《陕西省人文地理志》		《浙游纪胜》
1、天时	1、地位	1、地质	1、沿革	16、农村	1、地势
2、地势	2、地形	2、气候	2、面积	17、都市	2、地质
3、水系	3、水系	3、地形(上)	3、人口	18、民族与宗教	3、水系
4、富源	4、气候	4、地形(下)	4、地形	19、名胜史迹	4、气候
5、交通	5、生物	5、相对地势	5、土壤	20、边防与军事	5、植物
6、民生	6、民族	6、土壤	6、气候		6、交通
7、实业	7、农业	7、土地利用	7、水理		7、建筑
8、聚落	8、林业	8、产业与资源	8、耕地		8、聚落
9、人口	9、畜牧	9、聚落	9、农产		9、文献
10、民族	10、矿产	10、区域地理	10、林产
11、风俗	11、商业	11、历史地理	11、畜产
12、县政	12、交通		12、矿产
13、军事	13、政治		13、工业
14、古迹	14、宗教		14、贸易
15、文献	15、历史		15、交通