地理学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (6): 1120-1133.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202006002
刘彦随1,2
收稿日期:
2019-12-28
修回日期:
2020-05-12
出版日期:
2020-06-25
发布日期:
2020-08-25
作者简介:
刘彦随(1965-), 陕西绥德人, 研究员, 博士生导师, 中国地理学会会员(S110005331M), 研究方向为农业地理与乡村地理学、城乡发展与土地利用。E-mail: liuys@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
LIU Yansui1,2
Received:
2019-12-28
Revised:
2020-05-12
Published:
2020-06-25
Online:
2020-08-25
Supported by:
摘要:
农业农村现代化是实施乡村振兴战略的总目标,科学编制乡村振兴规划事关国家乡村振兴战略的推进及实施成效。《全国乡村振兴战略规划(2018—2022)》提出以来,如何建立符合中国乡村发展基本特点与规律的乡村振兴规划基础理论,研制县域乡村振兴规划方法与方案,成为当前学术研究及政府决策的重要课题和重点任务。基于乡村地域多体系统理论,构建了乡村振兴规划理论模式,提出了“三主三分”乡村振兴规划方法。“三主三分”的基本原理是依据特定区域乡村地域系统结构与格局,进行地域系统主体功能分区、主导类型分类、主要用途分级,确立乡村振兴规划空间体系及其优化调整方案。该体系运用于宁夏回族自治区盐池县乡村振兴总体规划,制定了坚持生态优先、因地制宜、产业支撑、城乡融合的乡村振兴规划原则,提出应重点发展乡村专业合作组织和村镇混合制经济,加快建设以滩羊、黄花、小杂粮产业化为特色、生态文化旅游智慧化为亮点的优势产业体系;在空间上突出中心城镇地位,形成以县城和3个重点镇为中心、“三产”融合发展的村镇有机体、居业协同体。本研究是对创建中国乡村振兴规划体系的有益尝试,可为全国县级乡村振兴规划与乡村发展决策提供参考依据。
刘彦随. 中国乡村振兴规划的基础理论与方法论[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(6): 1120-1133.
LIU Yansui. The basic theory and methodology of rural revitalization planning in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(6): 1120-1133.
表1
城镇村等级识别指标体系
效用等级类型 | 准则层 | 指标层 | 计算方法及指标说明 |
---|---|---|---|
城镇 | 人口 | 人口数量 人口增长速度 受教育程度 镇驻地人口密度 | 镇域常住人口数量(+) 近5年镇域人口的平均增长率(+) 镇域高中及以上文化程度人口比例(+) 镇驻地所在村域人口数量/村域面积(+) |
经济 | 生产总值 注册企业数量 规模企业数量 | (+) (+) (+) | |
基础设施 | 道路密度 公服配套完善度 | 道路等级加权长度*/镇域面积(+) 医院、幼儿园、小学、中学、卫生室、文化站、集贸市场等种类数量(+) | |
村庄 | 人口 | 人口密度 老龄化程度 人口增长速度 外出人口占比 受教育程度 | 村域常住人口数量/村域面积(+) 村域60岁以上老年人比例(-) 近5年村域人口的平均增长率(+) 外出半年以上人口比例(-) 村域高中及以上文化程度人口比例(+) |
经济 | 农民人均纯收入 耕地占比 | (+) 耕地面积/村域面积(+) | |
基础设施 | 道路密度 公服配套完善度 | 道路等级加权长度*/村域面积(+) 医院、幼儿园、小学、中学、卫生室、文化站、集贸市场数量(+) | |
资源 | 人均耕地面积 人均水资源量 森林覆盖率 旅游景点数量 | 耕地面积/户籍人口数量(+) 可利用水资源量/人口数量(+) (+) (+) |
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