乡村概念再认知

doi:10.11821/dlxb202002013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

乡村是乡村地理学的核心概念,对乡村概念形成的认知指引着乡村地理学的发展方向。西方乡村地理学伴随着对乡村性理解的不断深入,不同的学术流派渐次更迭。国内乡村地理学发展侧重于服务国家与地方发展需求,对学科理论基础的讨论较少,逐渐形成了理论滞后于实践的局面。自1978年改革开放以来,中国经济社会面貌发生了翻天覆地的变化,城乡发展经历了深刻转型,国内对于乡村概念的辨析亟需深化。本文首先梳理了国内外相关研究领域对乡村概念认知的演化脉络,指出乡村概念认知逐步从单一走向多元、从被动转为能动、从静态特征深入到动态过程的发展主线,随后提出乡村概念界定的困难在于要素流动的空间动态性、乡村空间系统的不整合性、乡村概念自身的相对性,以及乡村振兴、城乡融合为政策导向的新时代背景。最后总结了乡村概念认知对乡村地理学学科发展的引领作用。

关键词: 乡村, 乡村性, 乡村地理学, 乡村概念, 乡村发展

Abstract:

Rural areas are the core concept of rural geography. The cognition of rural definitions guides the development direction of rural geography. Analysis of rural definitions has been a research hotspot in Western rural geography. Western rural geography is also developing with the deepening of scholars' understanding of rurality. The development of rural geography in China focuses on serving the needs of economic and social development, and there is little discussion on the principles and basic concepts of the discipline, which gradually leads to the situation that theory lags practice. The concept of rural areas is always changing. In recent years, there have been more and more studies on the rural diversified paths and multifunctional transformation and development. Historical experiences have proved that the connotation of rural concept has been constantly broken and subverted by the reality of rural transformation and development. The basic understanding of rurality in the past urgently needs to be changed and expanded, which also shows that the definitions of rural areas is worthy of continuous discussion. With the strategy of rural vitalization put forward, the development of rural areas in China in the new era is of unprecedented importance. This paper sorts out the evolutionary context of cognition of rural definitions and rurality in related research fields at home and abroad, and proposes that rural conceptual cognition gradually changed from single to multiple, from passive to active, from static characteristics to dynamic process. And then, this paper deepens the rural definitions based on the article "On discrimination of rural definitions". It points out that the difficulties in defining the rurality lie in the spatial dynamics of elements' flows, the unconformity of the rural space system, the relativity of the rural concept itself, and the new era background with rural vitalization strategy and urban-rural integration as the policy orientation behind the three characteristics. Finally, this paper prospects the future development of rural geography in China, and summarizes the importance of the analysis of rural definitions to the development of rural geography.

Key words: rural areas, rurality, rural geography, rural definition, rural development

胡晓亮, 李红波, 张小林, 袁源. 乡村概念再认知[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(2): 398-409.

HU Xiaoliang, LI Hongbo, ZHANG Xiaolin, YUAN Yuan. On the re-cognition of rural definitions[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020, 75(2): 398-409.

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