地理学报

地理学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (1): 82-97.doi: 10.11821/dlxb202001007

• 地表过程 • 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原土壤水分变化对近地面气温的影响

范科科1,2,3, 张强1,2,3(), 孙鹏4, 宋长青1,2,3, 余慧倩1,2,3, 朱秀迪1,2,3, 申泽西1,2,3   

  1. 1. 北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京 100875
    2. 北京师范大学减灾与应急管理研究院,北京 100875
    3. 北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京 100875
    4. 安徽师范大学国土资源与旅游学院,芜湖 241002
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-07 修回日期:2019-11-20 出版日期:2020-01-25 发布日期:2020-03-25
  • 作者简介:范科科(1995-), 男, 河南驻马店人, 博士生, 中国地理学会会员(S110011171A), 主要从事生态水文和遥感水文等方面研究。E-mail: fankk95@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0906);国家重点研发计划(2019YFA0606900);国家自然科学基金项目(51425903);国家自然科学基金项目(41771536)

Effect of soil moisture variation on near-surface air temperature over the Tibetan Plateau

FAN Keke1,2,3, ZHANG Qiang1,2,3(), SUN Peng4, SONG Changqing1,2,3, YU Huiqian1,2,3, ZHU Xiudi1,2,3, SHEN Zexi1,2,3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
    2. Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
    3. Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
    4. College of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
  • Received:2018-05-07 Revised:2019-11-20 Published:2020-01-25 Online:2020-03-25
  • Supported by:
    The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(2019QZKK0906);National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0606900);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51425903);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771536)

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摘要：

青藏高原为全球气候变化最为敏感的区域之一,探讨该地区土壤水分变化对近地面气温的影响将为青藏高原水汽循环研究及该地区对周边气候与环境的影响研究提供重要理论支撑。利用NCEP-CFSR数据集,基于土壤水分对近地面气温的影响机理,揭示了青藏高原不同季节、不同植被分区下土壤水分时空分异规律、土壤水分与蒸发率的响应与耦合状态及土壤水分通过蒸散发过程对近地面气温的影响。结果表明：① 不同季节下青藏高原土壤水分空间分布基本一致,除西北地区和喜马拉雅山脉外,整体呈现由东南向西北递减趋势,青藏高原地区存在干旱区变湿,湿润区变干的空间特征;② 青藏高原大部分区域土壤水分处于干湿过渡状态,其中青藏高原南部和东南部地区全年处于干湿过渡状态,而柴达木盆地几乎全年处于干旱状态;③ 近地面气温对土壤水分的响应在冬季最弱,在夏季最强且空间差异较小,其中在冬、春、夏季为负反馈,另外不同植被覆盖区近地面气温对土壤水分的敏感性差异很大。此项研究对于进一步探讨青藏高原地区陆气耦合状态及变化环境下的区域水汽循环及其效应具有重要理论意义。

关键词: 青藏高原, 土壤水分, 近地面气温, 蒸发率, 转换状态

Abstract:

The Tibetan Plateau is one of the most sensitive regions to global climate change. It is of important theoretical significance to explore the effect of soil moisture changes on near-surfaceair temperature for the study of the water cycle of the Tibetan Plateau and its impact on the surrounding climate and environment. Based on the NCEP-CFSR dataset, this paper reveals the spatial-temporal pattern of soil moisture content in different seasons and different vegetation zones on the Tibetan Plateau, the response and coupling of soil moisture and evaporation rate, and the impact of soil moisture on near-surface air temperature through evapotranspiration. The results show that: (1) The spatial pattern of soil water on the Tibetan Plateau is basically similar in different seasons, showing a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest and the spatial characteristics of drying in humid regions and wetting in arid regions; (2) The soil moisture in most parts of the Tibetan Plateau is in a transitional state, in which the southern and southeastern parts of the plateau are in a state of transition throughout the year, while the soil moisture in the Qaidam Basin is almost in a dry state all the year round; (3) The sensitivity of the near-surface air temperature to soil moisture is the weakest in winter, but the strongest in summer with weak spatial difference, which is negative feedback in winter, spring and summer. Moreover, the sensitivity of air temperature to soil moisture varies greatly in different vegetation coverage areas. This study has important theoretical significance for further exploring the regional water cycle and its effects under the coupled land-atmosphere state and the changing environment of the Tibetan Plateau.

Key words: Tibetan Plateau, soil moisture, near-surface air temperature, evaporation rate, conversion mechanism