基于MODIS的2006-2016年西藏生态质量综合评价及其时空变化

doi:10.11821/dlxb201907012

地理学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 74 ›› Issue (7): 1438-1449.doi: 10.11821/dlxb201907012

基于MODIS的2006-2016年西藏生态质量综合评价及其时空变化

吴宜进^1,²,赵行双^1,²,奚悦^1,²,刘慧^3,⁴,李畅^1,²()

1.华中师范大学地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430079
2.华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,武汉 430079
3.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京 100101
4.中国科学院大学,北京 100049

收稿日期:2018-07-17 修回日期:2019-03-06 出版日期:2019-07-25 发布日期:2019-07-23
作者简介:吴宜进(1963-), 男, 江西九江人, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事气候变化、区域生态与水土保持等方面的研究。E-mail: wuyijin@mail.ccnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0503506);国家自然科学基金项目(41771493);国家自然科学基金项目(41101407)

Comprehensive evaluation and spatial-temporal changes of eco-environmental quality based on MODIS in Tibet during 2006-2016

WU Yijin^1,²,ZHAO Xingshuang^1,²,XI Yue^1,²,LIU Hui^3,⁴,LI Chang^1,²()

1.Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis & Simulation,Wuhan 430079, China;
2.College of City and Environmental Science, Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079, China
3.Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

Received:2018-07-17 Revised:2019-03-06 Published:2019-07-25 Online:2019-07-23
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program(2016YFC0503506);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771493);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41101407)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对缺少基于遥感数据产品的西藏地区植被生态参数筛选及综合评价的研究现状,以2006年和2016年西藏地区MODIS卫星遥感产品反演得到的植被覆盖度、叶面积指数、植被总初级生产力、区域热度与改进的湿度5项指标为基础,提出了基于主成分分析法的西藏植被生态环境质量评价方法,并探索了其时空变化规律及机理。结果表明：① 西藏地区植被生态质量整体较为脆弱,且区域差异明显,呈现东南优、西北差的分布格局。② 2006-2016年间西藏地区植被生态质量总体呈现变好的趋势。在时间序列上,2006-2016年间改善、退化的区域占比分别为31.88%和4.13%;在空间分布上,变好的区域分布在西北、中部和东部,变差的区域集中在东南部。③ 水热状况改善特别是降水量的增加和人为保护政策使得研究区西部和中部地区生态质量有所提高。社会经济活动加强是研究区东南部生态质量变差的主要原因。

关键词: 西藏地区, MODIS产品, 植被生态质量, 主成分分析, 时空变化

Abstract:

In view of the lack of research on the screening and comprehensive evaluation of vegetation ecological parameters based on remotely sensed date products, this paper firstly proposes a method to evaluate the vegetation eco-environmental quality in Tibet by PCA (principal component analysis). Based on five indicators, including fractional vegetation coverage (FVC), leaf area index (LAI), gross primary productivity (GPP), land surface temperature (LST) and modified wet (Wet) from MODIS satellite data, the law and mechanism of spatial-temporal changes of eco-environmental quality in Tibet in the last 10 years are explored. The experimental results show that: (1) The comprehensive quality of the eco-environmental quality in Tibet is relatively fragile, and the spatial difference in eco-environmental quality is significant. It is excellent in the southeast but poor in the northwest. (2) During the period from 2006 to 2016, the eco-environmental quality in Tibet shows a trend of improving overall. In terms of time series, the proportion of areas improved and degraded in the past 10 years was 31.88% and 4.13% respectively. In terms of spatial distribution, the improved areas are distributed in the northwestwen, central and eastern parts, but but the degraded areas are distributed in the southeastern parts. (3) Improvements in hydrothermal conditions (especially the increase in precipitation) and human protection policies have led to improvements in the eco-environmental quality in the western and central Tibet. The strengthening of social and economic activities is the main reason for the deterioration of the eco-environmental quality in the southeast of Tibet.

Key words: Tibet, MODIS date products, eco-environmental quality, principal component analysis, spatial-temporal changes

吴宜进,赵行双,奚悦,刘慧,李畅. 基于MODIS的2006-2016年西藏生态质量综合评价及其时空变化[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(7): 1438-1449.

WU Yijin,ZHAO Xingshuang,XI Yue,LIU Hui,LI Chang. Comprehensive evaluation and spatial-temporal changes of eco-environmental quality based on MODIS in Tibet during 2006-2016[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019, 74(7): 1438-1449.

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指标	产品	时间分辨率(d)	空间分辨率(m)	等级
FVC	MOD13A2 (归一化植被指数)	16	1000	L3
LAI	MOD15A2H	8	500	L4
GPP	MOD17A2H	8	500	L4
LST	MOD11A2	8	1000	L3
Wet	MOD09A1 (地表反射率)	8	500	L3

指标	2006年		2016年
指标	PC1	PC2	PC1	PC2
FVC	0.932	0.001	0.880	0.051
LAI	0.954	0.028	0.912	0.927
GPP	0.981	0.011	0.924	0.938
LST	0.349	-0.758	0.219	0.154
Wet	0.281	0.802	0.478	0.494
特征值	2.941	1.219	2.782	1.227
方差贡献率(%)	58.822	24.384	55.638	24.528
累计贡献率(%)	58.822	83.206	55.638	80.165

生态综合指数等级	2006年		2016
生态综合指数等级	面积(km²)	百分比(%)	面积(km²)	百分比(%)
差(0.0~0.2)	536545	57.63	319410	35.45
较差(0.2~0.4)	251186	26.98	379048	42.07
中等(0.4~0.6)	105307	11.31	161781	17.96
良(0.6~0.8)	30960	3.33	35122	3.90
优(0.8~1.0)	7051	0.76	5567	0.62

类别	类别	面积(km²)	级别百分比(%)	类别百分比(%)
变差	明显变差(-2)	947	0.11	4.13
变差	变差 (-1)	35939	4.03	4.13
不变	不变 (0)	571302	63.99	63.99
变好	变好 (+1)	284112	31.82	31.88
变好	明显变好(+2)	470	0.05	31.88

基于MODIS的2006-2016年西藏生态质量综合评价及其时空变化

Comprehensive evaluation and spatial-temporal changes of eco-environmental quality based on MODIS in Tibet during 2006-2016

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